Taxonomic group: bacteria / Actinobacteria
(Phylum: Actinobacteria)
The structure was elucidated in this paperNCBI PubMed ID: 37230638Publication DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120980Journal NLM ID: 8307156Publisher: Elsevier
Correspondence: K. Pacyga-Prus <katarzyna.pacyga-prus
hirszfeld.pl>; S. Górska <sabina.gorska
hirszfeld.pl>
Institutions: Laboratory of Microbiome Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland, Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7015, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden, Laboratory of Gnotobiology, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 549 22 Novy Hradek, Czech Republic, Laboratory of Biomedical Chemistry, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
Bifidobacteria are among the most common bacteria used for their probiotic properties and their impact on the maturation and function of the immune system has been well-described. Recently, scientific interest is shifting from live bacteria to defined bacteria-derived biologically active molecules. Their greatest advantage over probiotics is the defined structure and the effect independent of the viability status of the bacteria. Here, we aim to characterize Bifidobacterium adolescentis CCDM 368 surface antigens that include polysaccharides (PSs), lipoteichoic acids (LTAs), and peptidoglycan (PG). Among them, Bad368.1 PS was observed to modulate OVA-induced cytokine production in cells isolated from OVA-sensitized mice by increasing the production of Th1-related IFN-γ and inhibition of Th2-related IL-5 and IL-13 cytokines (in vitro). Moreover, Bad368.1 PS (BAP1) is efficiently engulfed and transferred between epithelial and dendritic cells. Therefore, we propose that the Bad368.1 PS (BAP1) can be used for the modulation of allergic diseases in humans. Structural studies revealed that Bad368.1 PS has an average molecular mass of approximately 9,99 × 106 Da and it consists of glucose, galactose, and rhamnose residues that are creating the following repeating unit: →2)-β-D-Glcp-1→3-β-L-Rhap-1→4-β-D-Glcp-1→3-α-L-Rhap-1→4-β-D-Glcp-1→3-α-D-Galp-(1→n.
polysaccharides, surface antigens, allergy, macromolecule
Structure type: polymer chemical repeating unit ; 9990000, n=10000
Location inside paper: table 1, Fig. 6, Bad368.1 PS (BAP1)
Trivial name: Bad368.1 polysaccharide
Compound class: surface antigen
Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, NMR-2D, GLC-MS, sugar analysis, GPC, cytokine production, HEK-Blue cells stimulation assays, immunomodulatory activity analysis, splenocytes stimulation
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 1680
Show glycosyltransferases
NMR conditions: in D2O at 323 K
[as TSV]
13C NMR data:
Linkage Residue C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6
3,4,3,4,3 bDGlcp 104.9 78.2 75.3 70.4 76.4 61.5
3,4,3,4 bLRhap 101.2 71.3 83.2 71.8 72.8 17.6
3,4,3 bDGlcp 104.4 74.3 76.3 77.7 75.4 61.6
3,4 aLRhap 101.2 70.8 80.9 71.9 69.6 17.4
3 bDGlcp 104.4 74.5 75.3 79.8 77.0 61.6
aDGalp 98.4 68.1 80.5 69.6 71.2 61.7
1H NMR data:
Linkage Residue H1 H2 H3 H4 H5 H6
3,4,3,4,3 bDGlcp 4.82 3.54 3.59 3.47 3.47 3.75-3.91
3,4,3,4 bLRhap 4.88 4.32 3.75 3.55 3.43 1.33
3,4,3 bDGlcp 4.68 3.38 3.65 3.65 3.53 3.84-3.93
3,4 aLRhap 4.78 4.18 3.90 3.59 4.08 1.27
3 bDGlcp 4.66 3.46 3.59 3.63 3.75 3.84-3.93
aDGalp 5.56 4.03 4.01 4.25 4.28 3.74
1H/13C HSQC data:
Linkage Residue C1/H1 C2/H2 C3/H3 C4/H4 C5/H5 C6/H6
3,4,3,4,3 bDGlcp 104.9/4.82 78.2/3.54 75.3/3.59 70.4/3.47 76.4/3.47 61.5/3.75-3.91
3,4,3,4 bLRhap 101.2/4.88 71.3/4.32 83.2/3.75 71.8/3.55 72.8/3.43 17.6/1.33
3,4,3 bDGlcp 104.4/4.68 74.3/3.38 76.3/3.65 77.7/3.65 75.4/3.53 61.6/3.84-3.93
3,4 aLRhap 101.2/4.78 70.8/4.18 80.9/3.90 71.9/3.59 69.6/4.08 17.4/1.27
3 bDGlcp 104.4/4.66 74.5/3.46 75.3/3.59 79.8/3.63 77.0/3.75 61.6/3.84-3.93
aDGalp 98.4/5.56 68.1/4.03 80.5/4.01 69.6/4.25 71.2/4.28 61.7/3.74
1H NMR data:
| Linkage | Residue | H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 | H5 | H6 |
|---|
| 3,4,3,4,3 | bDGlcp | 4.82 | 3.54 | 3.59 | 3.47 | 3.47 | 3.75
3.91 |
| 3,4,3,4 | bLRhap | 4.88 | 4.32 | 3.75 | 3.55 | 3.43 | 1.33 |
| 3,4,3 | bDGlcp | 4.68 | 3.38 | 3.65 | 3.65 | 3.53 | 3.84
3.93 |
| 3,4 | aLRhap | 4.78 | 4.18 | 3.90 | 3.59 | 4.08 | 1.27 |
| 3 | bDGlcp | 4.66 | 3.46 | 3.59 | 3.63 | 3.75 | 3.84
3.93 |
| | aDGalp | 5.56 | 4.03 | 4.01 | 4.25 | 4.28 | 3.74 |
|
13C NMR data:
| Linkage | Residue | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | C5 | C6 |
|---|
| 3,4,3,4,3 | bDGlcp | 104.9 | 78.2 | 75.3 | 70.4 | 76.4 | 61.5 |
| 3,4,3,4 | bLRhap | 101.2 | 71.3 | 83.2 | 71.8 | 72.8 | 17.6 |
| 3,4,3 | bDGlcp | 104.4 | 74.3 | 76.3 | 77.7 | 75.4 | 61.6 |
| 3,4 | aLRhap | 101.2 | 70.8 | 80.9 | 71.9 | 69.6 | 17.4 |
| 3 | bDGlcp | 104.4 | 74.5 | 75.3 | 79.8 | 77.0 | 61.6 |
| | aDGalp | 98.4 | 68.1 | 80.5 | 69.6 | 71.2 | 61.7 |
|
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
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