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Taxonomic group: fungi / Ascomycota (Phylum: Ascomycota)

Publication DOI: 10.1016/S0144-8617(98)00099-X
Journal NLM ID: 8307156
Publisher: Elsevier
Institutions: Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 842 38 Bratislava, Slovak Republic

(1 --> 3)-beta-D-glucans have the ability to stimulate the immune system and are classified as biological response modifiers (BRMs). Glucans from two technologically important species, baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger were isolated and characterized. Water-insoluble yeast glucan has a low branched structure with a ratio of the glucose units in the side chains and the backbone of 1:8. Using ultrasonic treatment and subsequent chemical derivatization, water-soluble derivatives (carboxymethyl and sulfoethyl) of yeast glucan were obtained with high yield. The glucan isolated from A. niger forms a complex with chitin and is relatively resistant to solubilization. The yield of its carboxymethylated derivative was only 30%. A method of determination of the relative ratio of alpha-and beta-glycosidic linkages in the glucans using FTIR spectroscopy has been developed as well as a method for ultrasonic purification of the isolated glucans. Using ultrasonic treatment, glucan derivatives with decreased molecular weight (90-100 kDa) have been prepared, which show broader application possibilities in comparison with the initial high molecular-weight derivatives (300-600 kDa). It has been found that the derivatives prepared reveal high mitogenic and comitogenic activities, as well as radioprotective and antimutagenic effects.

Glucans, immunomodulatory activity, physico-chemical characterization

Structure type: polymer chemical repeating unit
Location inside paper: p. 249
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_1397514,IEDB_141806,IEDB_142488,IEDB_146664,IEDB_153543,IEDB_158555,IEDB_161166,IEDB_241101,IEDB_558869,IEDB_857743,IEDB_983931,SB_192

Methods: gel filtration, 13C NMR, GC-MS, HPLC, elemental analysis, methylation analysis, carboxymethylation, ultrasonication, IR spectroscopy, sulfoethylation
Biological activity: mitogenic and comitogenic activities, radioprotective and antimutagenic effects
Comments, role: proposed structure

NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 4932
Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G80932QL
Show glycosyltransferases

There is only one chemically distinct structure:

[*]O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]3[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]4[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]5[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]6[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]7[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]8[C@@H](O)[C@H]([*])O[C@H](CO)[C@H]8O)O[C@H](CO)[C@H]7O)O[C@H](CO)[C@H]6O)O[C@H](CO[C@@H]6O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]6O)[C@H]5O)O[C@H](CO)[C@H]4O)O[C@H](CO)[C@H]3O)O[C@H](CO)[C@H]2O)[C@@H]1O

SVG MW SMILES 3D mol Ionize