Taxonomic group: fungi / Basidiomycota
(Phylum: Basidiomycota)
The structure was elucidated in this paperNCBI PubMed ID: 37479455Publication DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121124Journal NLM ID: 8307156Publisher: Elsevier
Correspondence: C. Cao <ccj33
163.com>
Institutions: Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
A novel polysaccharide (NAP-3) was isolated and purified from Naematelia aurantialba after water extraction. The structure of NAP-3, which was determined by FT-IR, HPLC, GC-MS, and NMR, indicated that NAP-3 was a homogeneous polysaccharide with the molecular weight of 428 kDa, mainly consisted of β-1, 3-D-Manp, β-1, 2, 3-D-Manp, β-D-Xylp, β-1, 4-D-Glcp, β-1, 4-D-Rhap in a molar ratio of 6.49: 1.11: 2.4: 0.13: 0.83. In vitro α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory assay showed that NAP-3 had a low IC50 value, which exhibited similar enzyme inhibitory activity as acarbose. NAP-3 was evaluated as an adjuvant with metformin for antidiabetic therapy in HFD/STZ-induced diabetic mice and insulin resistance HepG2 cells. The combination of NAP-3 and metformin in diabetic mice exhibited significant hypoglycemic activity, reducing body weight, serum insulin levels, glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance, and increasing antioxidant levels compared to metformin alone. The combination of NAP-3 and metformin improved oxidative stress by increasing ROS clearance, thereby enhancing glucose uptake in HepG2 cells. This study provided new data for the study of Naematelia aurantialba polysaccharides and offers a new adjuvant therapy for the treatment of diabetes.
polysaccharides, Structural characterization, adjuvant hypoglycemic activity, Naematelia aurantialba
Structure type: structural motif or average structure ; 428000
Location inside paper: Fig. 3E, table 2, NAP-3
Trivial name: polysaccharide NAP-3
Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, NMR-2D, methylation, GC-MS, sugar analysis, FTIR, HPLC, cytotoxicity assay, HPGPC, SEM, XRD, animal experiments, Congo red test, UV-vis, ROS measurement, water extraction, oxidative stress, inhibitory assay, glucose, insulin tolerance tests
Biological activity: The polysaccharide NAP-3 has an inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase and α-amylase. NAP-3 in combination with metformin showed potent hypoglycemic effects in HFD/STZ-induced diabetic mice because of its ability to improve oxidative stress, and alleviate insulin resistance.
Comments, role: proposed chemical structure of NAP-3; published NMRC spectra was removed by CSDB staff due to multiple errors in the NMR assignment
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 371454
Show glycosyltransferases
NMR conditions: in D2O at 333 K
[as TSV]
1H NMR data:
Linkage Residue H1 H2 H3 H4 H5 H6
3,3,3 bDManp 4.49 3.95 3.63 3.18 3.43 3.43
3,2,4 bDXylp 4.53 3.45 3.48 3.45 3.75-3.88
3,2 bDRhap 4.46 4.40 3.90 3.61 3.61 3.59
3 bDManp 4.55 4.15 3.69 3.6 3.63 3.61
3,3,2,4 bDXylp 4.53 3.45 3.48 3.45 3.75-3.88
3,3,2 bDGlcp 4.52 3.47 3.47 3.45 3.83 3.78
3,3 bDManp 4.55 4.15 3.69 3.6 3.63 3.61
bDManp
1H NMR data:
| Linkage | Residue | H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 | H5 | H6 |
|---|
| 3,3,3 | bDManp | 4.49 | 3.95 | 3.63 | 3.18 | 3.43 | 3.43 |
| 3,2,4 | bDXylp | 4.53 | 3.45 | 3.48 | 3.45 | 3.75
3.88 | |
| 3,2 | bDRhap | 4.46 | 4.40 | 3.90 | 3.61 | 3.61 | 3.59 |
| 3 | bDManp | 4.55 | 4.15 | 3.69 | 3.6 | 3.63 | 3.61 |
| 3,3,2,4 | bDXylp | 4.53 | 3.45 | 3.48 | 3.45 | 3.75
3.88 | |
| 3,3,2 | bDGlcp | 4.52 | 3.47 | 3.47 | 3.45 | 3.83 | 3.78 |
| 3,3 | bDManp | 4.55 | 4.15 | 3.69 | 3.6 | 3.63 | 3.61 |
| | bDManp | |
|
13C NMR data: present in publication with incorrect assignment
|
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
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