The water-soluble Morchella esculenta polysaccharide 2 (MEP2) was purified and isolated from an aqueous extract of the Morchella esculenta fruiting bodies. MEP2, having a molecular weight of 959 kDa, has a →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→ glucan backbone, and this branch was substituted at the H-6 position by an α-D-Glcp-(1 → 4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→ residue and an α-D-Glcp-(1→ residue. The hepatoprotective activity and potential mechanism of action of MEP2 were also investigated. MEP2 ameliorated severe liver damage and regulated the liver function indicators and the alcohol-related enzyme levels in chronic alcohol-induced mice. Combined with biochemical detection, the gut microbiota, metabolites, and proteomics results revealed that MEP2 regulates the levels of hepatic cytokines related to inflammatory response and oxidative stress, as well as those of intestinal Bacteroides, Oscillospira, Parabacteroides, Alistipes, and Prevotella, through the ubiquitin-specific peptidase 10 (Usp10)/nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway in the liver of mice induced by long-term alcohol intake. These data provide experimental evidence for the application of MEP2 in chronic alcohol-induced liver injury.

inflammation, oxidative stress, gut microbiota, alcohol liver disease, MEP2, Usp10/NF-kB/Nrf2

13C NMR data:
Linkage	Residue	C1	C2	C3	C4	C5	C6
4,4,6,4	aDGlcp	98.61	71.66	72.86	72.75	73.03	60.52
4,4,6	%aDGlcp
4,4	aDGlcp	100.08	71.89	73.49	77.24	71.21	69.40
4	aDGlcp	99.87	71.57	73.37	77.04	71.04	60.61
	aDGlcp


1H NMR data:
Linkage	Residue	H1	H2	H3	H4	H5	H6
4,4,6,4	aDGlcp	4.89	3.52	3.58	3.34	3.58	3.62-3.69
4,4,6	%aDGlcp
4,4	aDGlcp	5.29	3.56	3.90	3.58	3.76	3.79-3.92
4	aDGlcp	5.31	3.56	3.88	3.58	3.76	3.76-3.81
	aDGlcp


1H/13C HSQC data:
Linkage	Residue	C1/H1	C2/H2	C3/H3	C4/H4	C5/H5	C6/H6
4,4,6,4	aDGlcp	98.61/4.89	71.66/3.52	72.86/3.58	72.75/3.34	73.03/3.58	60.52/3.62-3.69
4,4,6	%aDGlcp
4,4	aDGlcp	100.08/5.29	71.89/3.56	73.49/3.90	77.24/3.58	71.21/3.76	69.40/3.79-3.92
4	aDGlcp	99.87/5.31	71.57/3.56	73.37/3.88	77.04/3.58	71.04/3.76	60.61/3.76-3.81
	aDGlcp

There is only one chemically distinct structure:

SVGMWSMILES3D molIonize

 

[*]O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[C@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]3O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)O[C@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O[C@@H]3[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]([*])[C@H](O)[C@H]3O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O

810.705 g/mol (C₃₀H₅₀R₂O₂₅, R = next and previous repeats, not counted in mol weight)