Taxonomic group: fungi / Basidiomycota
(Phylum: Basidiomycota)
Organ / tissue: fruiting bodies
The structure was elucidated in this paperNCBI PubMed ID: 37793536Publication DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127200Journal NLM ID: 7909578Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
Correspondence: Y. Wang <wangyong1982_2004
163.com>; N.K. Zeng <niankaiz
163.com>
Institutions: Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development on Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China, Gongyi Public Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 451200, China, Dietary Fiber Isolation and Structural Characterization Laboratory, Guangxi Vocational College of Technology and Business, Nanning 530003, China, Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China, Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China, College of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China, General Hospital of the Third Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Kashgar Hospital District, Kashgar 844000, China
A polysaccharide CY-2 from C. yunnanensis was obtained through a process of consecutive water extraction, alcohol precipitation, and DEAE-52 fast-flow chromatography. CY-2, with an average molecular weight of 2.69 × 104 Da mainly consisted of glucose and mannose with a molar ratio of 33.5: 56.9. Infrared spectrum (IR), methylation analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) results revealed that CY-2 may have a backbone consisting of →6)-α-D-Manp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1→, and branch chain β-D-Glcp-(1→. Meanwhile, CY-2 had a higher inhibition rate on α-glucosidase activity compared with other fractions (CY-0, CY-1, and CY-4) and was a mixed competitive inhibitor. In addition, CY-2 at the concentration of 10 μg/mL presented a superior power to improve glucose consumption and metabolism in HepG2 cells compared with metformin. Overall, these findings highlight the potential value of CY-2 as a hypoglycemic agent.
structure elucidation, physicochemical properties, hypoglycemic effect
Structure type: structural motif or average structure ; 26900
Location inside paper: table 1, Fig. 4, CY-2
Trivial name: polysaccharide CY-2
Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, NMR-2D, methylation, IR, GC-MS, sugar analysis, inhibition studies, HPLC, UV, extraction, statistical analysis, cell viability assay, HPGPC, α-glucosidase inhibitory activity
Biological activity: HepG2 cells treated with CY-2 (2.5 to 40 μg/mL) showed a significant increase in glucose consumption with increasing concentration compared to the control group. Its glucose uptake reached to 5.43 mM at the concentration of 10 μg/mL, which was greater than the metformin-positive group (4.88 mM).
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 1891665
Show glycosyltransferases
NMR conditions: in D2O at 298 K
[as TSV]
13C NMR data:
Linkage Residue C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6
3,3,6,6 aDManp 100.83 71.42 71.95 68.03 72.13 67.2
3,3,6 aDManp 100.83 71.42 71.95 68.03 72.13 67.2
3,3 aDManp 100.83 71.42 71.95 68.03 72.13 67.2
3 bDGlcp 103.94 74.77 85.65 69.64 77.04 62.05
6 bDGlcp 104.28 72.73 74.56 69.24 76.09 61.99
bDGlcp 103.89 74.55 85.91 71.05 75.97 70.18
1H NMR data:
Linkage Residue H1 H2 H3 H4 H5 H6
3,3,6,6 aDManp 4.85 3.94 3.80 3.67 3.78 3.73-3.88
3,3,6 aDManp 4.85 3.94 3.80 3.67 3.78 3.73-3.88
3,3 aDManp 4.85 3.94 3.80 3.67 3.78 3.73-3.88
3 bDGlcp 4.75 3.49 3.71 3.43 3.44 3.67-3.85
6 bDGlcp 4.67 3.53 3.69 3.75 3.66 3.67-3.85
bDGlcp 4.48 3.28 3.71 3.43 3.61 3.82-4.16
1H/13C HSQC data:
Linkage Residue C1/H1 C2/H2 C3/H3 C4/H4 C5/H5 C6/H6
3,3,6,6 aDManp 100.83/4.85 71.42/3.94 71.95/3.80 68.03/3.67 72.13/3.78 67.2/3.73-3.88
3,3,6 aDManp 100.83/4.85 71.42/3.94 71.95/3.80 68.03/3.67 72.13/3.78 67.2/3.73-3.88
3,3 aDManp 100.83/4.85 71.42/3.94 71.95/3.80 68.03/3.67 72.13/3.78 67.2/3.73-3.88
3 bDGlcp 103.94/4.75 74.77/3.49 85.65/3.71 69.64/3.43 77.04/3.44 62.05/3.67-3.85
6 bDGlcp 104.28/4.67 72.73/3.53 74.56/3.69 69.24/3.75 76.09/3.66 61.99/3.67-3.85
bDGlcp 103.89/4.48 74.55/3.28 85.91/3.71 71.05/3.43 75.97/3.61 70.18/3.82-4.16
1H NMR data:
| Linkage | Residue | H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 | H5 | H6 |
|---|
| 3,3,6,6 | aDManp | 4.85 | 3.94 | 3.80 | 3.67 | 3.78 | 3.73
3.88 |
| 3,3,6 | aDManp | 4.85 | 3.94 | 3.80 | 3.67 | 3.78 | 3.73
3.88 |
| 3,3 | aDManp | 4.85 | 3.94 | 3.80 | 3.67 | 3.78 | 3.73
3.88 |
| 3 | bDGlcp | 4.75 | 3.49 | 3.71 | 3.43 | 3.44 | 3.67
3.85 |
| 6 | bDGlcp | 4.67 | 3.53 | 3.69 | 3.75 | 3.66 | 3.67
3.85 |
| | bDGlcp | 4.48 | 3.28 | 3.71 | 3.43 | 3.61 | 3.82
4.16 |
|
13C NMR data:
| Linkage | Residue | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | C5 | C6 |
|---|
| 3,3,6,6 | aDManp | 100.83 | 71.42 | 71.95 | 68.03 | 72.13 | 67.2 |
| 3,3,6 | aDManp | 100.83 | 71.42 | 71.95 | 68.03 | 72.13 | 67.2 |
| 3,3 | aDManp | 100.83 | 71.42 | 71.95 | 68.03 | 72.13 | 67.2 |
| 3 | bDGlcp | 103.94 | 74.77 | 85.65 | 69.64 | 77.04 | 62.05 |
| 6 | bDGlcp | 104.28 | 72.73 | 74.56 | 69.24 | 76.09 | 61.99 |
| | bDGlcp | 103.89 | 74.55 | 85.91 | 71.05 | 75.97 | 70.18 |
|
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
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