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Taxonomic group: fungi / Basidiomycota (Phylum: Basidiomycota)

NCBI PubMed ID: 24835306
Publication DOI: 10.1111/mmi.12642
Journal NLM ID: 8712028
Publisher: Blackwell Publishing
Correspondence: Bölker M <boelker

staff.uni-marburg.de>
Institutions: Department of Biology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Cluster for Integrative Fungal Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany, SYNMIKRO, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany, LOEWE Excellence Cluster for Integrative FungalResearch, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany

Many microorganisms secrete surface-active glycolipids. The basidiomycetous fungus Ustilago maydis produces two different classes of glycolipids, mannosylerythritol lipids (MEL) and ustilagic acids (UAs). Here we report that biosynthesis of MELs is partially localized in peroxisomes and coupled to peroxisomal fatty acid degradation. The acyltransferases, Mac1 and Mac2, which acylate mannosylerythritol with fatty acids of different length, contain a type 1 peroxisomal targeting signal (PTS1). We demonstrate that Mac1 and Mac2 are targeted to peroxisomes, while other enzymes involved in MEL production reside in different compartments. Mis-targeting of Mac1 and Mac2 to the cytosol did not block MEL synthesis but promoted production of MEL species with altered acylation pattern. This is in contrast to peroxisome deficient mutants that produced MELs similar to the wild type. We could show that cytosolic targeting of Mac1 and Mac2 reduces the amount of UA presumably due to competition for overlapping substrates. Interestingly, hydroxylated fatty acids characteristic for UAs appear in MELs corroborating cross-talk between both biosynthesis pathways. Therefore, peroxisomal localization of MEL biosynthesis is not only prerequisite for generation of the natural spectrum of MELs, but also facilitates simultaneous assembly of different glycolipids in a single cell.

mannosylerythritol lipid, Pseudozyma flocculosa, extracellular glycolipid

Structure type: monomer ; 720-760
Location inside paper: fig. 1A
Trivial name: mannosylerythritol lipid
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_114707,IEDB_137485,IEDB_141181,IEDB_144983,IEDB_152206,IEDB_176772,IEDB_534864,IEDB_983930,SB_44,SB_72

Methods: PCR, TLC, MS, HPLC, statistical analysis, ESI-LTQ-FT-MS, differential interference contrast microscopy, LC/MS, phase contrast microscopy, epifluorescence microscopy
Comments, role: This structure could be mono-acetylated, di-acetylated or non-acetylated. Fatty acid groups can vary amount of C-atoms from 2 to 6 (residue in 2 position) and from 12 to 16 (residue in 3 position).

Related record ID(s): 46319, 46320, 46321, 46322, 46403
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 5270
Show glycosyltransferases

There are too many chemically distinct structures (25) corresponding to the specified structure with alternative fragments (<..>), so only one was processed further:

lXVl(1-2)[%Ac(1-6),%Ac(1-4),lXPam(1-3)]bDManp(1-4)xDEry-ol

There is only one chemically distinct structure for the variant above:

CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[C@@H]1[C@H](OC(=O)CCCC)[C@H](OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CO)O[C@H](COC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O

SVG MW SMILES 3D mol Ionize