Taxonomic group: fungi / Basidiomycota
(Phylum: Basidiomycota)
Organ / tissue: fruiting body
The structure was elucidated in this paperNCBI PubMed ID: 30824089Publication DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.02.011Journal NLM ID: 8307156Publisher: Elsevier
Correspondence: Datta HK <hem_datta007
yahoo.co.in>; Das D <das_deb81
yahoo.co.in>; Koschella A <andreas.koschella
uni-jena.de>; Das T <tapoti.das5
gmail.com>; Heinze T <thomas.heinze
uni-jena.de>; Biswas S <subratabiswas32
gmail.com>; Chaudhuri S <sujatachaudhuri
gmail.com>
Institutions: Mycology & Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Nadia, India, Department of Chemistry, Prabhat Kumar College, Contai, West Bengal, India, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Jena, Germany, Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Nadia, India
The biological activity of macrofungal polysaccharides (MFPS) depends on their structural features and is a topic of keen interest for researchers since long time. In this communication, we report a water soluble macrofungal heteropolysaccharide (MFPS1) with a molar weight of 145000 g/mol, obtained through alkali extraction, of the wild mushroom, Marasmiellus palmivorus, with significant immunomodulatory properties. In cancer, after the induction of metastasis, the anticancer immune system becomes unresponsive. By studying cytokine secretion and immune phenotyping, it was observed that MFPS1 reactivated the anticancer immune surveillance system. MFPS1 executed T-cell maturation and activation via M1Φ; and also stimulated natural killer (NK) cell and B-cell population. The entire immune activation pathway corroborates its anticancer activity. The RP-HPLC analysis of hydrolyzed MFPS1 showed arabinose, glucose, galactose and mannose as monosaccharide units. The proposed structure of repeating unit was established from methylation analysis, 1D- and 2D NMR study, HR-MS and MALDI-TOF MS analysis.
structure, heteropolysaccharide, anticancer activity, immunomodulation, Marasmiellus palmivorus, macrofungi
Structure type: structural motif or average structure ; 145000
Location inside paper: p. 277, structure, p. 276, Table 1
Compound class: polysaccharide
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_136044,IEDB_136906,IEDB_136907,IEDB_137472,IEDB_137485,IEDB_141794,IEDB_142488,IEDB_144983,IEDB_144998,IEDB_146664,IEDB_151528,IEDB_152206,IEDB_153217,IEDB_190606,IEDB_983930,IEDB_983931,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_192,SB_195,SB_44,SB_7,SB_72,SB_88
Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, NMR-2D, methylation, PCR, DNA sequencing, GC-MS, ELISA, acid hydrolysis, MALDI-TOF MS, extraction, reduction, column chromatography, RP-HPLC, dialysis, cytokine production, cytotoxicity assay, precipitation, phenol-sulfuric acid assay, derivatization, Gerwig method, Bradford method, evaporation, centrifugation, HR-MS, BLAST, Folin phenol reagent method, immunophenotyping
Biological activity: MFPS1 promoted activation and maturation of T and B-cells via M1Φ. MFPS1 also triggered NK cells expressing natural cytotoxicity marker. MFPS1 stimulated the immune system which was directed towards apoptosis of cancer cells
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 297713Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G82608LW, GenDB:KX290489
Show glycosyltransferases
NMR conditions: in D2O at 298 K
[as TSV]
13C NMR data:
Linkage Residue C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6
6,6,3,6 aLArap 103.1 73.1 73.5 69.6 68.5
6,6,3 aDGalp 101.4 69.6 75.5 69.6 68.3 69.3
6,6 aLAraf 107.3 79.3 83.9 84.3 61.3
6,3,2 aDGlcp 102.6 73.1 73.5 69.9 72.7 60.1
6,3,4 aLArap 103.1 73.1 73.5 69.6 68.5
6,3 bDGalp 102.6 78.7 73.4 76.1 76.0 60.8
6 bDManp 102.4 70.4 79.1 68.3 77.4 69.2
aDGlcp 97.9 71.6 ? 70.4 70.1 66.5
1H NMR data:
Linkage Residue H1 H2 H3 H4 H5 H6
6,6,3,6 aLArap 4.38 3.18 3.27 3.82 3.49-3.87
6,6,3 aDGalp 5.26 3.75 3.78 3.82 4.09 3.69-3.72
6,6 aLAraf 5.71 4.12 3.68 3.63 3.62-3.75
6,3,2 aDGlcp 4.96 3.77 3.88 3.29 ? 3.67-3.91
6,3,4 aLArap 4.38 3.18 3.27 3.82 3.49-3.87
6,3 bDGalp 4.40 3.37 3.40 3.70 3.59 3.82-3.91
6 bDManp 4.96 3.93 3.73 3.57 3.38 3.96-4.06
aDGlcp 4.86 3.35 3.66 ? 3.85 3.61-3.72
1H/13C HSQC data:
Linkage Residue C1/H1 C2/H2 C3/H3 C4/H4 C5/H5 C6/H6
6,6,3,6 aLArap 103.1/4.38 73.1/3.18 73.5/3.27 69.6/3.82 68.5/3.49-3.87
6,6,3 aDGalp 101.4/5.26 69.6/3.75 75.5/3.78 69.6/3.82 68.3/4.09 69.3/3.69-3.72
6,6 aLAraf 107.3/5.71 79.3/4.12 83.9/3.68 84.3/3.63 61.3/3.62-3.75
6,3,2 aDGlcp 102.6/4.96 73.1/3.77 73.5/3.88 69.9/3.29 72.7/? 60.1/3.67-3.91
6,3,4 aLArap 103.1/4.38 73.1/3.18 73.5/3.27 69.6/3.82 68.5/3.49-3.87
6,3 bDGalp 102.6/4.40 78.7/3.37 73.4/3.40 76.1/3.70 76.0/3.59 60.8/3.82-3.91
6 bDManp 102.4/4.96 70.4/3.93 79.1/3.73 68.3/3.57 77.4/3.38 69.2/3.96-4.06
aDGlcp 97.9/4.86 71.6/3.35 ?/3.66 70.4/? 70.1/3.85 66.5/3.61-3.72
1H NMR data:
| Linkage | Residue | H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 | H5 | H6 |
|---|
| 6,6,3,6 | aLArap | 4.38 | 3.18 | 3.27 | 3.82 | 3.49
3.87 | |
| 6,6,3 | aDGalp | 5.26 | 3.75 | 3.78 | 3.82 | 4.09 | 3.69
3.72 |
| 6,6 | aLAraf | 5.71 | 4.12 | 3.68 | 3.63 | 3.62
3.75 | |
| 6,3,2 | aDGlcp | 4.96 | 3.77 | 3.88 | 3.29 | ? | 3.67
3.91 |
| 6,3,4 | aLArap | 4.38 | 3.18 | 3.27 | 3.82 | 3.49
3.87 | |
| 6,3 | bDGalp | 4.40 | 3.37 | 3.40 | 3.70 | 3.59 | 3.82
3.91 |
| 6 | bDManp | 4.96 | 3.93 | 3.73 | 3.57 | 3.38 | 3.96
4.06 |
| | aDGlcp | 4.86 | 3.35 | 3.66 | ? | 3.85 | 3.61
3.72 |
|
13C NMR data:
| Linkage | Residue | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | C5 | C6 |
|---|
| 6,6,3,6 | aLArap | 103.1 | 73.1 | 73.5 | 69.6 | 68.5 | |
| 6,6,3 | aDGalp | 101.4 | 69.6 | 75.5 | 69.6 | 68.3 | 69.3 |
| 6,6 | aLAraf | 107.3 | 79.3 | 83.9 | 84.3 | 61.3 | |
| 6,3,2 | aDGlcp | 102.6 | 73.1 | 73.5 | 69.9 | 72.7 | 60.1 |
| 6,3,4 | aLArap | 103.1 | 73.1 | 73.5 | 69.6 | 68.5 | |
| 6,3 | bDGalp | 102.6 | 78.7 | 73.4 | 76.1 | 76.0 | 60.8 |
| 6 | bDManp | 102.4 | 70.4 | 79.1 | 68.3 | 77.4 | 69.2 |
| | aDGlcp | 97.9 | 71.6 | ? | 70.4 | 70.1 | 66.5 |
|
The spectrum also has 1 signal at unknown position (not plotted). |
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
Taxonomic group: fungi / Basidiomycota
(Phylum: Basidiomycota)
Organ / tissue: fruiting body
Publication DOI: 10.1155/2019/3549321Journal NLM ID: 101543201Publisher: New York, NY : Hindawi Pub. Corp.
Correspondence: Fan S <fanshasha
hmc.edu.cn>
Institutions: Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China, Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China, Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hang Zhou, China
Fungal polysaccharides have demonstrated various biological functions such as antitumor, immune regulation, and antioxidant activities. It has also been reported to be beneficial in reshaping the immune system’s surveillance on tumor cells and in helping the immune system kill tumor cells. In this study, a melanoma mouse model was constructed, and a macrofungal polysaccharide (MFPS) extracted from Pleurotus ostreatus combined with Vemurafenib monoclonal antibody was used to study their effects against melanoma and its antitumor mechanism by using the lactate dehydrogenase release assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and flow typing assay. Results indicated that MFPS enhanced the inhibitory effect of Vemurafenib on tumor growth in melanoma-bearing mice and the secretion of cytokines IFN-γ and IL-12 in PBMCs of melanoma-bearing mice. In addition, the combination of MFPS1 and Vemurafenib can enhance the immunomodulatory activity of melanoma-bearing mice as well as elicit the activation and proliferation of B cells and T cells.
immunomodulatory activity, antitumor activity, Pleurotus ostreatus, vemurafenib
Structure type: structural motif or average structure
Location inside paper: Fig. 1, b
Compound class: polysaccharide
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_135614,IEDB_136906,IEDB_137472,IEDB_141794,IEDB_141806,IEDB_142488,IEDB_144998,IEDB_146664,IEDB_151528,IEDB_153543,IEDB_153755,IEDB_190606,IEDB_241101,IEDB_983931,SB_192,SB_7
Methods: ELISA, biological assays, extraction, dialysis, precipitation, centrifugation, immunophenotyping
Biological activity: the combination of MFPS1 and Vemurafenib may initiate proinflammatory antitumor immune surveillance via m1Φ, triggering the activation and proliferation of B cells and T cells and enhancing the immunomodulatory activity of melanoma-bearing mice
Related record ID(s): 43607
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 5322Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G17243GP
Show glycosyltransferases
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
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(later renamed to: Marasmius palmivorus)