Pleurotus placentodes, a fungus, belongs to the Pleurotaceae family. The aim of the present study was to characterize the structure of a novel polysaccharide from fruiting bodies of P. placentodes (PPp-W) and evaluate its anticoagulant activity in vitro. The high-performance liquid chromatography and GC-MS analysis indicated that PPp-W with a molecular weight of 27.4 kDa was mainly composed of mannose (17.56%), glucose (6.37%), galactose (44.89%), and fucose (1.22%) with a certain amount of 3-O-methyled galactose. SEM, XRD, and AFM combined with Congo red test revealed that PPp-W was an irregular curly sheet with triple-helix conformation. The FT-IR, methylation, and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis indicated that PPp-W contained→6)-α-D-Galp-(1→, →6)-3-O-Me-α-D-Galp-(1→and →2,6)-α-D-Galp-(1→ as main chain, partially substituted at O-2 and O-6 by non-reducing ends of β-D-Manp-(1→ and β-L-Fucp-(1→ with a small amount of α-1,3-linked-Glcp in backbone. PPp-W could significantly prolong APTT (12.9 ± 0.42 s, p < 0.001) and thrombin time (39.9 ± 0.28 s, p < 0.01) compared with the control group (11.45 ± 0.071 s and 38.05 ± 0.21 s), which showed that PPp-W had anticoagulant activity. These studies suggested that PPp-W was a 3-O-methylated heteroglycan and might be suitable for functional foods and natural drugs as an anticoagulant ingredient, which provided a basis for the application of polysaccharides from P. placentodes.

polysaccharide, structure identification, 3-O-methylated heteroglycan, Pleurotus placentodes

13C NMR data:
Linkage	Residue	C1	C2	C3	C4	C5	C6
?,6,2	bDManp	104.49	73.39	75.75	72.5	79.09	63.88
?,6,6,6	bLFucp	105.59	75.98	75.73	71.15	72.06	18.26
?,6,6,3	%Me	58.90
?,6,6	aDGalp	100.71	72.33	81.58	68.00	72.26	68.44
?,6	aDGalp	101.22	79.77	71.65	71.79	69.17	69.50
?,3	%Me	58.90
?	aDGalp	100.71	72.33	81.58	68.00	72.26	68.44
	SUG


1H NMR data:
Linkage	Residue	H1	H2	H3	H4	H5	H6
?,6,2	bDManp	4.80	3.90	3.62	3.50	3.39	3.75-3.94
?,6,6,6	bLFucp	4.51	3.34	3.64	3.82	4.13	1.23
?,6,6,3	%Me	3.46
?,6,6	aDGalp	5.01	3.87	3.58	4.30	3.96	3.68-3.92
?,6	aDGalp	5.15	3.97	4.19	4.22	3.93	3.60-3.70
?,3	%Me	3.46
?	aDGalp	5.01	3.87	3.58	4.30	3.96	3.68-3.92
	SUG


1H/13C HSQC data:
Linkage	Residue	C1/H1	C2/H2	C3/H3	C4/H4	C5/H5	C6/H6
?,6,2	bDManp	104.49/4.80	73.39/3.90	75.75/3.62	72.5/3.50	79.09/3.39	63.88/3.75-3.94
?,6,6,6	bLFucp	105.59/4.51	75.98/3.34	75.73/3.64	71.15/3.82	72.06/4.13	18.26/1.23
?,6,6,3	%Me	58.90/3.46
?,6,6	aDGalp	100.71/5.01	72.33/3.87	81.58/3.58	68.00/4.30	72.26/3.96	68.44/3.68-3.92
?,6	aDGalp	101.22/5.15	79.77/3.97	71.65/4.19	71.79/4.22	69.17/3.93	69.50/3.60-3.70
?,3	%Me	58.90/3.46
?	aDGalp	100.71/5.01	72.33/3.87	81.58/3.58	68.00/4.30	72.26/3.96	68.44/3.68-3.92
	SUG

There is only one chemically distinct structure:

SVGMWSMILES3D molIonize

 

R1 = SUG
[1*]O[C@H]1O[C@H](CO[C@H]2O[C@H](CO[C@H]3O[C@H](CO[C@H]4O[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]4O)[C@H](O)[C@H](OC)[C@H]3O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]2O)[C@H](O)[C@H](OC)[C@H]1O

839.767 g/mol (C₃₂H₅₅RO₂₅, R = residue superclass(es), not counted in mol weight)

Pleurotus placentodes, a fungus, belongs to the Pleurotaceae family. The aim of the present study was to characterize the structure of a novel polysaccharide from fruiting bodies of P. placentodes (PPp-W) and evaluate its anticoagulant activity in vitro. The high-performance liquid chromatography and GC-MS analysis indicated that PPp-W with a molecular weight of 27.4 kDa was mainly composed of mannose (17.56%), glucose (6.37%), galactose (44.89%), and fucose (1.22%) with a certain amount of 3-O-methyled galactose. SEM, XRD, and AFM combined with Congo red test revealed that PPp-W was an irregular curly sheet with triple-helix conformation. The FT-IR, methylation, and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis indicated that PPp-W contained→6)-α-D-Galp-(1→, →6)-3-O-Me-α-D-Galp-(1→and →2,6)-α-D-Galp-(1→ as main chain, partially substituted at O-2 and O-6 by non-reducing ends of β-D-Manp-(1→ and β-L-Fucp-(1→ with a small amount of α-1,3-linked-Glcp in backbone. PPp-W could significantly prolong APTT (12.9 ± 0.42 s, p < 0.001) and thrombin time (39.9 ± 0.28 s, p < 0.01) compared with the control group (11.45 ± 0.071 s and 38.05 ± 0.21 s), which showed that PPp-W had anticoagulant activity. These studies suggested that PPp-W was a 3-O-methylated heteroglycan and might be suitable for functional foods and natural drugs as an anticoagulant ingredient, which provided a basis for the application of polysaccharides from P. placentodes.

polysaccharide, structure identification, 3-O-methylated heteroglycan, Pleurotus placentodes

13C NMR data:
Linkage	Residue	C1	C2	C3	C4	C5	C6
?,2	bDManp	104.49	73.39	75.75	72.5	79.09	63.88
?,6,6,3	bDManp	104.49	73.39	75.75	72.5	79.09	63.88
?,6,6	aDGlcp	102.32	72.70	81.59	72.39	73.21	63.86
?,6,3	%Me	58.90
?,6	aDGalp	100.71	72.33	81.58	68.00	72.26	68.44
?	aDGalp	101.22	79.77	71.65	71.79	69.17	69.50
	SUG


1H NMR data:
Linkage	Residue	H1	H2	H3	H4	H5	H6
?,2	bDManp	4.80	3.90	3.62	3.50	3.39	3.75-3.94
?,6,6,3	bDManp	4.80	3.90	3.62	3.50	3.39	3.75-3.94
?,6,6	aDGlcp	5.38	3.70	3.57	3.37	3.65	3.71-3.82
?,6,3	%Me	3.46
?,6	aDGalp	5.01	3.87	3.58	4.30	3.96	3.68-3.92
?	aDGalp	5.15	3.97	4.19	4.22	3.93	3.60-3.70
	SUG


1H/13C HSQC data:
Linkage	Residue	C1/H1	C2/H2	C3/H3	C4/H4	C5/H5	C6/H6
?,2	bDManp	104.49/4.80	73.39/3.90	75.75/3.62	72.5/3.50	79.09/3.39	63.88/3.75-3.94
?,6,6,3	bDManp	104.49/4.80	73.39/3.90	75.75/3.62	72.5/3.50	79.09/3.39	63.88/3.75-3.94
?,6,6	aDGlcp	102.32/5.38	72.70/3.70	81.59/3.57	72.39/3.37	73.21/3.65	63.86/3.71-3.82
?,6,3	%Me	58.90/3.46
?,6	aDGalp	100.71/5.01	72.33/3.87	81.58/3.58	68.00/4.30	72.26/3.96	68.44/3.68-3.92
?	aDGalp	101.22/5.15	79.77/3.97	71.65/4.19	71.79/4.22	69.17/3.93	69.50/3.60-3.70
	SUG

There is only one chemically distinct structure:

SVGMWSMILES3D molIonize

 

R1 = SUG
[1*]O[C@H]1O[C@H](CO[C@H]2O[C@H](CO[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]4O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]4O)[C@H]3O)[C@H](O)[C@H](OC)[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O

841.739 g/mol (C₃₁H₅₃RO₂₆, R = residue superclass(es), not counted in mol weight)