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Dormann P, Hoffmann-Benning S, Balbo I, Benning C
Isolation and characterization of an Arabidopsis mutant deficient in the thylakoid lipid digalactosyl diacylglycerol
Plant Cell 7 (1995)
1801-1810
Arabidopsis thaliana
(NCBI TaxID 3702,
species name lookup)
Taxonomic group: plant / Streptophyta
(Phylum: Streptophyta)
Organ / tissue: leaf
Publication DOI: 10.1105/tpc.7.11.1801Journal NLM ID: 9208688Publisher: Rockville, MD: American Society of Plant Physiologists
Institutions: Institut für Genbiologische Forschung Berlin GmbH, Germany
The galactolipids monogalactosyl and digalactosyl diacylglycerol occur in all higher plants and are the predominant lipid components of chloroplast membranes. They are thought to be of major importance to chloroplast morphology and physiology, although direct experimental evidence is still lacking. The enzymes responsible for final assembly of galactolipids are associated with the envelope membranes of plastids, and their biochemical analysis has been notoriously difficult. Therefore, we have chosen a genetic approach to study the biosynthesis and function of galactolipids in higher plants. We isolated a mutant of Arabidopsis that is deficient in digalactosyl diacylglycerol by directly screening a mutagenized M2 population for individuals with altered leaf lipid composition. This mutant carries a recessive nuclear mutation at a single locus designated dgd1. Backcrossed mutants show stunted growth, pale green leaf color, reduced photosynthetic capability, and altered thylakoid membrane ultrastructure.
Structure type: monomer
Location inside paper: Table 2
Trivial name: MGDG
Compound class: glycolipid, glycoside
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_136044,IEDB_137472,IEDB_141794,IEDB_190606,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_195,SB_7,SB_88
Methods: TLC, GC, TEM, genetic manipulations, radioactive labeling
Comments, role: In wild-type Arabidopsis, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) contains high amounts of 16:3 and 18:3 fatty acids, whereas digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) contains mostly 16:0 and 18:3 fatty acids.
Related record ID(s): 61036
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 3702
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Dormann P, Hoffmann-Benning S, Balbo I, Benning C
Isolation and characterization of an Arabidopsis mutant deficient in the thylakoid lipid digalactosyl diacylglycerol
Plant Cell 7 (1995)
1801-1810
|
LIP-(1-2)-+
|
a-D-Galp-(1-6)-b-D-Galp-(1-1)-D-Gro
|
LIP-(1-3)-+ |
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Arabidopsis thaliana
(NCBI TaxID 3702,
species name lookup)
Taxonomic group: plant / Streptophyta
(Phylum: Streptophyta)
Organ / tissue: leaf
Publication DOI: 10.1105/tpc.7.11.1801Journal NLM ID: 9208688Publisher: Rockville, MD: American Society of Plant Physiologists
Institutions: Institut für Genbiologische Forschung Berlin GmbH, Germany
The galactolipids monogalactosyl and digalactosyl diacylglycerol occur in all higher plants and are the predominant lipid components of chloroplast membranes. They are thought to be of major importance to chloroplast morphology and physiology, although direct experimental evidence is still lacking. The enzymes responsible for final assembly of galactolipids are associated with the envelope membranes of plastids, and their biochemical analysis has been notoriously difficult. Therefore, we have chosen a genetic approach to study the biosynthesis and function of galactolipids in higher plants. We isolated a mutant of Arabidopsis that is deficient in digalactosyl diacylglycerol by directly screening a mutagenized M2 population for individuals with altered leaf lipid composition. This mutant carries a recessive nuclear mutation at a single locus designated dgd1. Backcrossed mutants show stunted growth, pale green leaf color, reduced photosynthetic capability, and altered thylakoid membrane ultrastructure.
Structure type: oligomer
Location inside paper: Table 2
Trivial name: DGDG
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_134624,IEDB_136044,IEDB_136906,IEDB_137472,IEDB_141794,IEDB_151528,IEDB_190606,IEDB_742248,SB_163,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_195,SB_7,SB_88
Methods: TLC, GC, TEM, genetic manipulations, radioactive labeling
Comments, role: In wild-type Arabidopsis, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) contains high amounts of 16:3 and 18:3 fatty acids, whereas digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) contains mostly 16:0 and 18:3 fatty acids.
Related record ID(s): 61035
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 3702
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There is only one chemically distinct structure:
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Nogué N, Hocart H, Letham DS, Dennis ES, Chaudhury AM
Cytokinin synthesis is higher in the Arabidopsis amp1 mutant
Plant Growth Regulation 32 (2000)
267-273
|
b-D-Ribf-(1-7)-Subst
Subst = trans-zeatin = SMILES C/C(=C\CNC1=NC=NC2=C1{7}NC=N2)/{13}CO |
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Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Columbia (Δamp1 mutant)
(Ancestor NCBI TaxID 3702,
species name lookup)
Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Columbia
(Ancestor NCBI TaxID 3702,
species name lookup)
Taxonomic group: plant / Streptophyta
(Phylum: Streptophyta)
Organ / tissue: seedling
Publication DOI: 10.1023/A:1010720420637Journal NLM ID: 9886958Publisher: The Hague; Boston: Nijhoff/Junk
Correspondence: nogue
versailles.inra.fr
Institutions: CSIRO Division of Plant Industry, Canberra, Australia, Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Versailles, France, Cooperative Research Centre for Plant Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
Cytokinins are involved in plant cell proliferation leading to plant growth and morphogenesis. Earlier we described a mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana, amp1, that had five times higher levels of cytokinin and had a number of pleiotropic phenotypes, including increased cell proliferation and de-etiolated growth in the dark. While these phenotypes were correlated with higher levels of cytokinin, the actual mechanism of how cytokinin is elevated was not elucidated before. In order to understand if the increased cytokinin is a result of increased biosynthesis or decreased degradation we have compared the synthesis of cytokinins from radiolabelled adenine and the degradation of zeatin ribosides and other cytokinins between amp1 and wild type plants. The degradation of the hormone is not affected in the mutant but there is a 4 to 6 fold increase in cytokinin synthesis compared to the wild type. Because the amp1 mutant is recessive we hypothesise that the AMP1 product negatively regulates cytokinin production.
biosynthesis, metabolism, mutant, Arabidopsis, cytokinin
Structure type: monomer
Location inside paper: p. 270, Table 2
Trivial name: zeatinriboside
Compound class: glycoside, cytokinin
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_149136
Methods: methylation, DNA techniques, TLC, enzymatic hydrolysis, radioactivity measurement, extraction, HPTLC, evaporation, radioactive labeling, mutation
Related record ID(s): 67160
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 3702
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There is only one chemically distinct structure:
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Nogué N, Hocart H, Letham DS, Dennis ES, Chaudhury AM
Cytokinin synthesis is higher in the Arabidopsis amp1 mutant
Plant Growth Regulation 32 (2000)
267-273
|
b-D-Ribf-(1-7)-Subst
Subst = dihydrozeatin = SMILES C/C(CCNC1=NC=NC2=C1{7}NC=N2)/{13}CO |
Show graphically |
Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Columbia (Δamp1 mutant)
(Ancestor NCBI TaxID 3702,
species name lookup)
Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Columbia
(Ancestor NCBI TaxID 3702,
species name lookup)
Taxonomic group: plant / Streptophyta
(Phylum: Streptophyta)
Organ / tissue: seedling
Publication DOI: 10.1023/A:1010720420637Journal NLM ID: 9886958Publisher: The Hague; Boston: Nijhoff/Junk
Correspondence: nogue
versailles.inra.fr
Institutions: CSIRO Division of Plant Industry, Canberra, Australia, Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Versailles, France, Cooperative Research Centre for Plant Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
Cytokinins are involved in plant cell proliferation leading to plant growth and morphogenesis. Earlier we described a mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana, amp1, that had five times higher levels of cytokinin and had a number of pleiotropic phenotypes, including increased cell proliferation and de-etiolated growth in the dark. While these phenotypes were correlated with higher levels of cytokinin, the actual mechanism of how cytokinin is elevated was not elucidated before. In order to understand if the increased cytokinin is a result of increased biosynthesis or decreased degradation we have compared the synthesis of cytokinins from radiolabelled adenine and the degradation of zeatin ribosides and other cytokinins between amp1 and wild type plants. The degradation of the hormone is not affected in the mutant but there is a 4 to 6 fold increase in cytokinin synthesis compared to the wild type. Because the amp1 mutant is recessive we hypothesise that the AMP1 product negatively regulates cytokinin production.
biosynthesis, metabolism, mutant, Arabidopsis, cytokinin
Structure type: monomer
Location inside paper: p. 270, Table 2
Trivial name: dihydrozeatinriboside
Compound class: glycoside
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_149136
Methods: methylation, DNA techniques, TLC, enzymatic hydrolysis, radioactivity measurement, extraction, HPTLC, evaporation, radioactive labeling, mutation
Related record ID(s): 67159
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 3702
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There is only one chemically distinct structure:
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