Taxonomic group: plant / Streptophyta
(Phylum: Streptophyta)
Publication DOI: 10.1007/BF02524555Journal NLM ID: 0323156Publisher: New York: Springer US
Institutions: Scientific-Research Center of Biomedical Technologies, State Research Institute of Medical and Aromatic Plants (VILAR), Moscow, Russia
Rutin is one of the most widespread flavonoid compounds in plants; it occurrs especially frequently in the leaves of higher plants. In commercial practice, this substance is usually isolated from Sophora japonica (pagoda tree), the flowers and flower buds of which contain up to 20% rutin. Rutin is capable of controlling the permeability of capillaries, for which reason this compound is included in P-vitamin compositions. The alcohol solutions of rutin obey the Lambert-Bouguer-Beer law in a broad range of optical densities and retain stable optical absorption properties for about a one-month storage period. Due to this circumstance and the availability of rutin, this compound is employed more frequently than other γ-pyrones as a reference substance in the analysis of drugs and for the standardization of raw plant materials and phytopreparations with respect to the total content of phenols, in particular, the sum of flavonoids. In Russia, the State Standard Sample of rutin is obtained from a readily available domestic natural material - the herbs of common buckwheat. The rutin standard produced at the VILAR according to the State Technological Conditions TU 64-4-127-96 satisfies all present-day requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia and the WHO recommendations, representing a high-purity preparation characterized by modern analytical techniques, including UV spectrophotometry, 1H NMR spectroscopy, and HPLC. However, work with rutin standards is complicated by the high hygroscopicity of this substance, the water content being extremely sensitive to the hydrothermal conditions in the ambient medium. As is known, an uncertainty in determining water content in the standard sample may cancel all advantages gained from the use of high-purity reference substances in HPLC, TLC, or spectroscopic analyses. Previously [1], we have reported on the hygroscopicity of rutin investigated by DSC in the course of drying and water absorption, in combination with some other aquametric and gravimetric techniques. The main conclusion drawn from the study was the requirement of permanently controlling water content in the standard sample used in the analytical work. However, the experimental conditions studied in that work were rather different from those encountered in pharmaceutical practice. Indeed, small (5-8 mg) samples sealed in aluminum cells and studied under nitrogen flow conditions minimized the contact of rutin with the environment. The purpose of this work was to study the behavior of rutin in contact with water vapor under real analytical conditions simulating those stipulated by the State Pharmacopoeia (XI Ed., RSP-XI) and special Pharmacopoeial Clauses. Our recommendations concerning application of the rutin standard would allow analysts to avoid errors caused by the uncontrolled water sorption by rutin.
rutin, water sorption, ambient medium, equilibrium water content, common buckwheat
Structure type: oligomer
C
27H
30O
16Location inside paper: abstract
Trivial name: rutin, rutoside, rutin, quercetin rutinoside, rutoside, quercetin 3-O-rutinose, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin 3-O-rutinoside
Compound class: saponin glycoside, glycoside, flavonoid glycoside, flavonol glycoside, flavone glycoside
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_136105,IEDB_142488,IEDB_144144,IEDB_146664,IEDB_225177,IEDB_885823,IEDB_983931,SB_192
Methods: gravimetry
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 3897,
3617Reference(s) to other database(s): CCSD:
50720, CBank-STR:3399
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There is only one chemically distinct structure:
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(later renamed to: Styphnolobium japonicum)