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Structure type: oligomer
Trivial name: gymnemasaponin-V, gymnemasaponin V
Compound class: saponin glycoside, glycoside, triterpenoid glycoside
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_141806,IEDB_142488,IEDB_146664,IEDB_241101,IEDB_983931,SB_192

• Article ID: 10770
  Yoshikawa M, Murakami T, Matsuda H "Medicinal foodstuffs. X. Structures of new triterpene glycosides, gymnemosides-c, -d, -e, and -f, from the leaves of Gymnema sylvestre R. BR.: Influence of gymnema glycosides on glucose uptake in rat small intestinal fragments" - Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 124(23) (1997) 2034-2038
  

  Following the characterization of gymnemosides-a and -b, new triterpene glycosides, gymnemosides-c, -d, -e, and -f, were isolated from the leaves of Gymnema (G.) sylvestre R. BR. Their chemical structures were elucidated an the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence as follows: 21-O-benzoyl-28-O-acetylgymnemagenin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid (gymnemoside-c), 23-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]gymnestrogenin(gymnemoside-d), 23-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl)1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-28-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl] 23-hydroxylongispinogenin (gymnemoside-e), 23-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-28-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl] 3β,16β,23,28-tetrahydroxyolean-18-ene (gymnemoside-f). The inhibitory effects of gymnemosides-c, -d, -e, and -f and principal triterpene glycosides from G. sylvestre on glucose uptake in rat small intestinal fragments were examined, and gymnemic acids II, III, and IV, gymnemasaponin V, and gymnemoside-f were found to exhibit the inhibitory activity.

  medicinal foodstuff, gymnemosid, Gymnema sylvestre, glucose uptake inhibitor, bioactive saponin, gymnemic acid

  NCBI PubMed ID: 9433774
  Journal NLM ID: 0377775
  Publisher: Pharmaceutical Society Of Japan
  Institutions: Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
  Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, IR, FAB-MS, sugar analysis, acid hydrolysis, GLC, methanolysis, HPLC, alkaline hydrolysis
  
   
  
  Gymnema sylvestre
  CSDB ID 60013 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 12421
  Sugihara Y, Nojima H, Matsuda H, Murakami T, Yoshikawa M, Kimura I "Antihyperglycemic effects of gymnemic acid IV, a compound derived from Gymnema sylvestre leaves in streptozotocin-diabetic mice" - Journal of Asian Natural Products Research 2(4) (2000) 321-327
  

  We investigated the antihyperglycemic action of a crude saponin fraction and five triterpene glycosides (gymnemic acids I–IV and gymnemasaponin V) derived from the methanol extract of leaves of Gymnema sylvestre R. BR. (Asclepiadaceae) in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic mice. The saponin fraction (60mg/kg) reduced blood glucose levels 2–4 h after the intraperitoneal administration. Gymnemic acid IV, not the other 4 glycosides at doses of 3.4–13.4 mg/kg reduced the blood glucose levels by 13.5–60.0% 6 h after the administration comparable to the potency of glibenclamide, and did not change the blood glucose levels of normal mice. Gymnemic acid IV at 13.4 mg/kg increased plasma insulin levels in STZ-diabetic mice. Gymnemic acid IV (1 mg/mL) did not inhibit α-glycosidase activity in the brush border membrane vesicles of normal rat small intestines. These results indicate that insulin-releasing action of gymnemic acid IV may contribute to the antihyperglycemic effect by the leaves of G. sylvestre. Gymnemic acid IV may be an anti-obese and antihyperglycemic pro-drug.

  gymnemic acid IV, Gymnema sylvestre R. BR. leaves, blood-glucose lowering, insulin release, streptozotocin-diabetic mice

  NCBI PubMed ID: 11249615
  Publication DOI: 10.1080/10286020008041372
  Journal NLM ID: 100888334
  Publisher: Harwood Academic Publishers; London: Informa Healthcare
  Correspondence: Kimura I
  Institutions: Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan, Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Japan
  Methods: biological assays, HPLC, column chromatography
  
   
  
  Gymnema sylvestre
  CSDB ID 68057 (all data & tools)