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The structure of the Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens strain CF3 capsular polysaccharide has been investigated mainly by sugar and methylation analyses, Smith degradation, NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. The results indicate that the polysaccharide is composed of pentasaccharide repeating units having the following structure: →4)-[β-D-Glcp-(1→2)-]-β-L-Altp-(1→4)-β-D-Glcp-(1→3)-4-O-[(R)-1-carboxyethyl]-β- D-Glcp-(1→4)-6-O-[(R)-1-carboxyethyl]-α-D-Galp-(1→

Bacterial polysaccharide, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, (1-carboxyethyl)-galactose, (1-carboxyethyl)-glucose, L-altrose

NCBI PubMed ID: 9232840
Publication DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(97)00097-9
Journal NLM ID: 0043535
Publisher: Elsevier
Institutions: Catedra de Farmacognosia y Productos Naturales, Facultad de Quimica, Montevideo, Uruguay, Departement of Chemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden, National Center for Argicultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, US Departement of Agriculture, Peoria, IL, USA, Glycomed Incorporated, Alameda, USA
Methods: methylation, NMR-2D, NMR, sugar analysis, carboxyl reduction, Smith degradation

Bacterial extracellular polysaccharides are known as a cell-bound capsule, a sheath, or a slime, which is excreted into the environment. They play an important role in virulence of medical bacteria and plant-to-symbiont interaction and are used for serotyping of bacteria and production of vaccines. Some exopolysaccharides have commercial applications in industry, and claims of health benefits have been documented for an increasing number of them. Exopolysaccharides have diverse composition and structure, and some contain sugar and non-sugar components that are found in bacterial carbohydrates only. The present article provides an updated collection of the data on exopolysaccharides of various classes of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria reported until the end of 2019. When known, biosynthesis pathways of exopolysaccharides are treated in a summary manner. References are made to structure and biosynthesis relatedness between exopolysaccharides of different bacterial taxa as well as between bacterial polysaccharides and mammalian glycosaminoglycans.

polysaccharide structure, Gram-negative bacteria, capsule, Biofilm, polysaccharide biosynthesis, gram-positive bacteria, Monosaccharide composition, Bacterial exopolysaccharide, non-sugar component

Publication DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-819475-1.00005-5
Publisher: Elsevier
Correspondence: marie-rose.vancalsteren@canada.ca; yknirel@gmail.com
Editors: Barchi J, Kamerling H
Institutions: N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Saint-Hyacinthe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada

Bacterial polysaccharide, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, (1-carboxyethyl)-galactose, (1-carboxyethyl)-glucose, L-altrose

The O-polysaccharide (O-PS; O-antigen) of bacterial lipopolysaccharides is made up of repeating units of one or more sugar residues and displays remarkable structural diversity. Despite the structural variations, there are only three strategies for O-PS assembly. The ATP-binding cassette (ABC)-transporter-dependent mechanism of O-PS biosynthesis is widespread. The Escherichia coli O9a and Klebsiella pneumoniae O2a antigens provide prototypes, which are distinguished by the fine details that link glycan polymerization and chain termination at the cytoplasmic face of the inner membrane to its export via the ABC transporter. Here, we describe the current understanding of these processes. Since glycoconjugate assembly complexes that utilize an ABC transporter-dependent pathway are widespread among the bacterial kingdom, the models described here are expected to extend beyond O-PS biosynthesis systems

Lipopolysaccharide, O-polysaccharide, ATP-binding cassette transporter, Escherichia coli O9a, Klebsiella pneumoniae O2a

NCBI PubMed ID: 22475157
Publication DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.02.027
Journal NLM ID: 0043535
Publisher: Elsevier
Correspondence: C. Whitfield
Institutions: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1