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Structure type: polymer chemical repeating unit
Compound class: CPS

• Article ID: 3407
  Gilbert M, Mandrell RE, Parker CT, Li J, Vinogradov E "Structural analysis of the capsular polysaccharide from Campylobacter jejuni RM1221" - Chembiochem: a European Journal of Chemical Biology 8(6) (2007) 625-631
  

  The complete genome of Campylobacter jejuni strain RM1221 (Penner serotype HS:53) was reported recently and contains a novel capsular polysaccharide (CPS) biosynthesis locus. Cell-surface carbohydrates such as CPS are known to be important for bacterial survival and often contribute to pathogenesis. In this study, we describe the complete structure of the CPS of C. jejuni RM1221, which was determined by using NMR spectroscopy, MS, and chemical methods. The CPS contains 6-deoxy-D-manno-heptose and D-threo-pent-2-ulose (D-xylulose), two monosaccharides that are rarely found in bacterial polysaccharides. The CPS has a regular structure of a linear main chain of trisaccharide repeating units, composed of two α- and one β-6-deoxy-D-manno-heptopyranose residues, which are linked through a phosphodiester linkage. Branching residues of xylulose are incorporated nonstoichiometrically: each trisaccharide repeating unit of the main chain bears no, one, or two xylulose residues. The xylulose glycosidic linkages are extremely acid labile, and it is not clear how they can be preserved under the acidic conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, where Campylobacter resides during infection. We have also shown that the CPS biosynthesis genes of C. jejuni RM1221 are conserved in other C. jejuni strains of the Penner serotype HS:53, including serotype HS:53 reference strain RM3435

  biosynthesis, capsular polysaccharide, Campylobacter jejuni, NMR spectroscopy

  NCBI PubMed ID: 17335095
  Publication DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200600508
  Journal NLM ID: 100937360
  Publisher: Weinheim, Germany: Wiley Interscience
  Correspondence: evguenii.vinogradov@nrc.ca
  Institutions: Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, K1A 0R6, Canada
  Methods: 13C NMR, methylation, NMR-2D, HF solvolysis, sugar analysis, 31P NMR, mild acid hydrolysis, NMR-1D, genetic methods, CE-ESI-MS
  
   
  
  Campylobacter jejuni RM1221
  CSDB ID 21968 (all data & tools)

Show legend Show as text

Structure type: polymer chemical repeating unit
Compound class: CPS

• Article ID: 3407
  Gilbert M, Mandrell RE, Parker CT, Li J, Vinogradov E "Structural analysis of the capsular polysaccharide from Campylobacter jejuni RM1221" - Chembiochem: a European Journal of Chemical Biology 8(6) (2007) 625-631
  

  The complete genome of Campylobacter jejuni strain RM1221 (Penner serotype HS:53) was reported recently and contains a novel capsular polysaccharide (CPS) biosynthesis locus. Cell-surface carbohydrates such as CPS are known to be important for bacterial survival and often contribute to pathogenesis. In this study, we describe the complete structure of the CPS of C. jejuni RM1221, which was determined by using NMR spectroscopy, MS, and chemical methods. The CPS contains 6-deoxy-D-manno-heptose and D-threo-pent-2-ulose (D-xylulose), two monosaccharides that are rarely found in bacterial polysaccharides. The CPS has a regular structure of a linear main chain of trisaccharide repeating units, composed of two α- and one β-6-deoxy-D-manno-heptopyranose residues, which are linked through a phosphodiester linkage. Branching residues of xylulose are incorporated nonstoichiometrically: each trisaccharide repeating unit of the main chain bears no, one, or two xylulose residues. The xylulose glycosidic linkages are extremely acid labile, and it is not clear how they can be preserved under the acidic conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, where Campylobacter resides during infection. We have also shown that the CPS biosynthesis genes of C. jejuni RM1221 are conserved in other C. jejuni strains of the Penner serotype HS:53, including serotype HS:53 reference strain RM3435

  biosynthesis, capsular polysaccharide, Campylobacter jejuni, NMR spectroscopy

  NCBI PubMed ID: 17335095
  Publication DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200600508
  Journal NLM ID: 100937360
  Publisher: Weinheim, Germany: Wiley Interscience
  Correspondence: evguenii.vinogradov@nrc.ca
  Institutions: Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, K1A 0R6, Canada
  Methods: 13C NMR, methylation, NMR-2D, HF solvolysis, sugar analysis, 31P NMR, mild acid hydrolysis, NMR-1D, genetic methods, CE-ESI-MS
  
   
  
  Campylobacter jejuni RM1221
  CSDB ID 21969 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 5791
  Knirel YA, Van Calsteren M "Bacterial exopolysaccharides" - Book: Comprehensive Glycoscience: From Chemistry to Systems Biology. Reference Module in Chemistry, Molecular Sciences and Chemical Engineering (2021) 1-75
  

  Bacterial extracellular polysaccharides are known as a cell-bound capsule, a sheath, or a slime, which is excreted into the environment. They play an important role in virulence of medical bacteria and plant-to-symbiont interaction and are used for serotyping of bacteria and production of vaccines. Some exopolysaccharides have commercial applications in industry, and claims of health benefits have been documented for an increasing number of them. Exopolysaccharides have diverse composition and structure, and some contain sugar and non-sugar components that are found in bacterial carbohydrates only. The present article provides an updated collection of the data on exopolysaccharides of various classes of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria reported until the end of 2019. When known, biosynthesis pathways of exopolysaccharides are treated in a summary manner. References are made to structure and biosynthesis relatedness between exopolysaccharides of different bacterial taxa as well as between bacterial polysaccharides and mammalian glycosaminoglycans.

  polysaccharide structure, Gram-negative bacteria, capsule, Biofilm, polysaccharide biosynthesis, gram-positive bacteria, Monosaccharide composition, Bacterial exopolysaccharide, non-sugar component

  Publication DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-819475-1.00005-5
  Publisher: Elsevier
  Correspondence: marie-rose.vancalsteren@canada.ca; yknirel@gmail.com
  Editors: Barchi J, Kamerling H
  Institutions: N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Saint-Hyacinthe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
  
   
  
  Campylobacter jejuni HS53 (RM1221)
  CSDB ID 7015 (all data & tools)

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Structure type: polymer chemical repeating unit
Compound class: CPS

• Article ID: 5449
  Huddleston JP, Raushel FM "Biosynthesis of GDP-d-glycero-α-d-manno-heptose for the Capsular Polysaccharide of Campylobacter jejuni" - Biochemistry 58(37) (2019) 3893-3902
  

  The capsular polysaccharide (CPS) structure of Campylobacter jejuni contributes to its robust fitness. Many strains contain heptose moieties in their CPS units. The precursor heptose is GDP-d-glycero-α-d-manno-heptose; modifications to the stereochemistry at C3-C6 as well as additions of methyl and phosphoramidate groups lend to the hypervariability of the C. jejuni CPS structures. Synthesis of GDP-d-glycero-α-d-manno-heptose has been described previously, but using enzymes from Aneurinibacillus thermoaerophilus DSM 10155. Here we describe the complete synthesis of GDP-d-glycero-α-d-manno-heptose using enzymes from C. jejuni NTCC 11168: Cj1152 and Cj1423-Cj1425. Our results yield kinetic parameters for these enzymes and outline a successful strategy for milligram-gram scale synthesis of GDP-d-glycero-α-d-manno-heptose. This achievement is critical for the characterization of other carbohydrate tailoring enzymes, which are expected to utilize GDP-d-glycero-α-d-manno-heptose for the biosynthesis of more complex carbohydrates in the CPS of C. jejuni.

  biosynthesis, synthesis, structure, heptose, capsular polysaccharide, Campylobacter jejuni, modification, Enzymes, phosphoramidate, stereochemistry

  NCBI PubMed ID: 31449400
  Publication DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00548
  Journal NLM ID: 0370623
  Publisher: American Chemical Society
  Correspondence: raushel@tamu.edu
  Institutions: Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
  Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, kinetics assays, 31P NMR, anion-exchange chromatography, MS, genetic methods, HPLC, UV, cloning, bioinformatic analysis, enzymatic synthesis
  
   
  
  Campylobacter jejuni NCTC HS:53
  CSDB ID 783 (all data & tools)

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Structure type: oligomer
Compound class: CPS, cell wall polysaccharide
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_136906,IEDB_137472,IEDB_141794,IEDB_151528,IEDB_190606,SB_7

• Article ID: 6091
  Kokoulin MS, Romanenko LA, Kuzmich AS, Chernikov OV "Structure of the Cell-Wall-Associated Polysaccharides from the Deep-Sea Marine Bacterium Devosia submarina KMM 9415T" - Marine Drugs 19(12) (2021) 665
  

  Two cell-wall-associated polysaccharides were isolated and purified from the deep-sea marine bacterium Devosia submarina KMM 9415T, purified by ultracentrifugation and enzymatic treatment, separated by chromatographic techniques, and studied by sugar analyses and NMR spectroscopy. The first polysaccharide with a molecular weight of about 20.7 kDa was found to contain D-arabinose, and the following structure of its disaccharide repeating unit was established: →2)-α-D-Araf-(1→5)-α-D-Araf-(1→. The second polysaccharide was shown to consist of D-galactose and a rare component of bacterial glycans-D-xylulose: →3)-α-D-Galp-(1→3)-β-D-Xluf-(1→.

  polysaccharide, Marine bacteria, deep sea, Devosia, xylulose

  NCBI PubMed ID: 34940664
  Publication DOI: 10.3390/md19120665
  Journal NLM ID: 101213729
  Publisher: Basel, Switzerland: Molecular Diversity Preservation International
  Correspondence: maxchem@mail.ru
  Institutions: G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159/2, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia, School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, 8, Sukhanova Str., 690950 Vladivostok, Russia
  Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, NMR-2D, SDS-PAGE, sugar analysis, mild acid hydrolysis, GC, HPLC, GPC, SEC, enzymatic treatment, ultracentrifugation
  
   
  
  Devosia submarina KMM 9415T
  CSDB ID 9657 (all data & tools)