Taxonomic group: bacteria / Actinobacteria
(Phylum: Actinobacteria)
NCBI PubMed ID: 33813321Publication DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108297Journal NLM ID: 0043535Publisher: Elsevier
Correspondence: P. Reddy Shetty <prakasam.iict
gov.in>; prakashamr
gmail.com
Institutions: Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, New Delhi, India, Department of Biotechnology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, 522510, Andhra Pradesh, India, Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, 400085, Maharashtra, India
Glucans are the most abundant natural polysaccharides across the living kingdom with tremendous biological activities. Now a days, α-D-glucans are gaining importance as a prebiotics, nutraceuticals, immunostimulants, antiproliferative agents and biodegradable polymers in pharmaceutical and cosmetic sectors. A wide variety of bioresources including bacteria, fungi, lichens, algae, plants and animals produce α-D-glucans either as an exopolysaccharide (EPS) or a cell wall component or an energy storage polymer. The α-D-glucans exhibit great structural and functional diversity as the type of linkage and percentage of branching dictate the functional properties of glucans. Among the different linkages, bioactivities are greatly confined to the α-D-(1 → 3) linkages whereas starch and other polymers consisting of α-D-(1 → 4) (1 → 6) linkages are specific for food and pharmaceutical applications. However, the bioactivities of the α-D-(1 → 3) glucans in native form is limited mainly due to their hydrophobic nature. Hence several derivatization techniques have been developed to improve the bioavailability as well as bioactive features such as antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory and antitumor properties. Though, several reports have presented about α-D-glucans, still there is an ambiguity in terms of their structure among different natural sources and moreover no comprehensive information was available on their derivatization techniques and application potential. Therefore, the present review summarizes distinct description on diverse sources, type of linkages, derivatization techniques as well as the application potential of the native and modified α-D-glucans.
exopolysaccharides, derivatization, Prebiotics, α-D-Glucans, bioavailability, biodegradable polymer, immunomodulating agent
Structure type: homopolymer
Location inside paper: p. 108297-3, table 1
Trivial name: methyl glucose lipopolysaccharide, glucan, maltosaccharide, α-1,4-D-glucan, amylose, α-glucan, glycogen backbone, α-(1,4)-glucan, starch, α-(1-4)-glucan, starch, glycogen
Compound class: CPS, EPS, O-polysaccharide, cell wall polysaccharide, glucan, polysaccharide, methyl glucose lipopolysaccharide
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_140629,IEDB_142488,IEDB_144998,IEDB_146664,IEDB_420417,IEDB_420418,IEDB_420421,IEDB_857742,IEDB_983931,SB_192
Comments, role: review
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 54571Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G05740LL, GlycomeDB:
12100, CCSD:
4943, CBank-STR:819
Show glycosyltransferases
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
Found 
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