Taxonomic group: bacteria / Proteobacteria
(Phylum: Proteobacteria)
Associated disease: infection due to Acinetobacter baumannii [ICD11:
XN8LS 
]
NCBI PubMed ID: 35608633Publication DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00021Journal NLM ID: 2985134RPublisher: Chem Rev
Correspondence: J. Codée <jcodee
chem.leidenuniv.nl>; R. Adamo <roberto.x.adamo
gsk.com>
Institutions: GSK, R&D, 53100 Siena, Italy, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is emerging as the next potential pandemic. Different microorganisms, including the bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii, Clostridioides difficile, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, non-typhoidal Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus, and the fungus Candida auris, have been identified by the WHO and CDC as urgent or serious AMR threats. Others, such as group A and B Streptococci, are classified as concerning threats. Glycoconjugate vaccines have been demonstrated to be an efficacious and cost-effective measure to combat infections against Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and, more recently, Salmonella typhi. Recent times have seen enormous progress in methodologies for the assembly of complex glycans and glycoconjugates, with developments in synthetic, chemoenzymatic, and glycoengineering methodologies. This review analyzes the advancement of glycoconjugate vaccines based on synthetic carbohydrates to improve existing vaccines and identify novel candidates to combat AMR. Through this literature survey we built an overview of structure-immunogenicity relationships from available data and identify gaps and areas for further research to better exploit the peculiar role of carbohydrates as vaccine targets and create the next generation of synthetic carbohydrate-based vaccines.
carbohydrates, glycan, glycoconjugate vaccine
Structure type: oligomer
Location inside paper: p. 15683, Fig. 6, compound 18
Aglycon: spacer-CRM197
Trivial name: repeating unit conjugate
Compound class: EPS
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_130648,IEDB_134627,IEDB_136044,IEDB_137472,IEDB_137473,IEDB_141794,IEDB_142488,IEDB_146664,IEDB_147450,IEDB_190606,IEDB_983931,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_192,SB_195,SB_21,SB_23,SB_24,SB_7,SB_8,SB_88
Enzymes that release or process the structure: bacteriophage ΦAB6TSP
Synthetic data: chemical
Comments, role: review; The CRM197 conjugate of repeating units
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 470
Show glycosyltransferases
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
Found 
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