Taxonomic group: bacteria / Proteobacteria
(Phylum: Proteobacteria)
Associated disease: infection due to Burkholderia mallei [ICD11:
XN6Y3 
]
The structure was elucidated in this paperNCBI PubMed ID: 17163980Publication DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05519.xJournal NLM ID: 8712028Publisher: Blackwell Publishing
Correspondence: fgherardini
niaid.nih.gov
Institutions: Laboratory of Zoonotic Pathogens, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID, NIH, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA, Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA, Laboratory of Intracellular Parasites, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID, NIH, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
Burkholderia mallei, the aetiologic agent of glanders, causes a variety of illnesses in animals and humans ranging from occult infections to acute fulminating septicaemias. To better understand the role of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the pathogenesis of these diseases, studies were initiated to characterize the structural and biological properties of lipid A moieties expressed by this organism. Using a combination of chemical analyses and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, B. mallei was shown to express a heterogeneous mixture of tetra- and penta-acylated lipid A species that were non-stoichiometrically substituted with 4-amino-4-deoxy-arabinose residues. The major penta-acylated species consisted of bisphosphorylated d-glucosamine disaccharide backbones possessing two amide linked 3-hydroxyhexadecanoic acids, two ester linked 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acids [C14:0(3-OH)] and an acyloxyacyl linked tetradecanoic acid, whereas, the major tetra-acylated species possessed all but the 3'-linked C14:0(3-OH) residues. In addition, although devoid of hexa-acylated species, B. mallei LPS was shown to be a potent activator of human Toll-like receptor 4 complexes and stimulated human macrophage-like cells (THP-1 and U-937), monocyte-derived macrophages and dendritic cells to produce high levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and RANTES. Based upon these results, it appears that B. mallei LPS is likely to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of human disease.
Lipopolysaccharide, Burkholderia, lipid A, mass spectrometry, MALDI-TOF
Structure type: oligomer
Location inside paper: p.382, fig.4
Compound class: lipid A
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_141807,IEDB_151531,IEDB_176772
Methods: GC-MS, SDS-PAGE, DNA techniques, ELISA, MALDI-TOF MS, composition analysis, genetic methods, immunoblotting, bioinformatic analysis
Comments, role: the major lipid A species
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 243160,
13373
Show glycosyltransferases
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
Found 
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