Taxonomic group: bacteria / Proteobacteria
(Phylum: Proteobacteria)
Associated disease: infection due to Bordetella pertussis [ICD11:
XN23B 
]
The structure was elucidated in this paperNCBI PubMed ID: 18424515Publication DOI: 10.1128/JB.01875-07Journal NLM ID: 2985120RPublisher: American Society for Microbiology
Correspondence: martine.caroff
u-psud.fr
Institutions: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3, Equipe Endotoxines, UMR 8619 du CNRS, Institut de Biochimie et Biophysique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Universite de Paris-Sud, Orsay, France, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 030018 Bucharest, Romania, Laboratoire des Enveloppes Bactériennes et Antibiotiques, Institut de Biochimie et Biophysique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Universite de Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
Endotoxins are amphipathic lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), major constituents of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. They consist of a lipid region, covalently linked to a core oligosaccharide, to which may be linked a repetitive glycosidic chain carrying antigenic determinants. Most of the biological activities of endotoxins have been associated with the lipid moiety of the molecule: unique to gram-negative bacteria, LPS is a ligand of the mammalian TLR4-MD2-CD14 pathogen recognition receptor complex. Lipid A preparations are often heterogeneous with respect to both the numbers and the lengths of fatty acids and the natures of substituents on the phosphate groups when present. The variants can significantly affect host immune responses. Nine species in the Bordetella genus have been described, and the fine LPS structures of seven of them have been published. In this report, lipids A from Bordetella pertussis Tohama I and B. bronchiseptica strain 4650 were further characterized and revealed to have a glucosamine substituting both lipid A phosphate groups of the diglucosamine backbone. These substitutions have not been previously described for bordetellae. Moreover, a B. pertussis transposon mutation that maps within a gene encoding a Bordetella ArnT (formerly PmrK) glycosyl transferase ortholog does not carry this substitution, thus providing a genetic basis for the modification. Reverse transcriptase PCR of this locus showed that it is Bvg regulated, suggesting that the ability of Bordetella to modify lipid A via this glucosamine modification is a potential virulence trait.
Lipopolysaccharide, lipid A, Bordetella pertussis, Bordetella bronchiseptica, ArnT
Structure type: oligomer ; 1882
Location inside paper: p.4287, fig.7
Compound class: lipid A
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_141807,IEDB_151531,IEDB_176772
Methods: methylation, PCR, DNA sequencing, GC-MS, de-O-acylation, SDS-PAGE, sugar analysis, dephosphorylation, TLC, mild acid hydrolysis, GC, MALDI-MS, extraction, reduction
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 520
Show glycosyltransferases
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
Found 
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