Taxonomic group: bacteria / Firmicutes
(Phylum: Firmicutes)
Host organism: Homo sapiens
Associated disease: diarrhea [ICD11:
ME05.1 
, ICD11:
SA55 ];
infection due to Clostridium difficile [ICD11:
XN0SE ]
NCBI PubMed ID: 22533919Publication DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.03.032Journal NLM ID: 0043535Publisher: Elsevier
Correspondence: monteiro
uoguelph.ca (M.A. Monteiro)
Institutions: Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
Clostridium difficile is responsible for severe diarrhea in humans that may cause death. Spores are the infectious form of C. difficile, which germinate into toxin-producing vegetative cells in response to bile acids. Recently, we discovered that C. difficile cells possess three complex polysaccharides (PSs), named PSI, PSII, and PSIII, in which PSI was only associated with a hypervirulent ribotype 027 strain, PSII was hypothesized to be a common antigen, and PSIII was a water-insoluble polymer. Here, we show that (i) C. difficile spores contain, at least in part, a D-glucan, (ii) PSI is not a ribotype 027-unique antigen, (iii) common antigen PSII may in part be present as a low molecular weight lipoteichoic acid, (iv) selective hydrolysis of PSII yields single PSII repeat units, (v) the glycosyl diester-phosphate linkage affords high flexibility to PSII, and (vi) that PSII is immunogenic in sows. Also, with the intent of creating a dual anti-diarrheal vaccine against C. difficile and enterotoxin Escherichia coli (ETEC) infections in humans, we describe the conjugation of PSII to the ETEC-associated LTB enterotoxin.
conjugate vaccine, glucan, Clostridium difficile, spores, PSI, PSII
Structure type: polymer chemical repeating unit
Location inside paper: p.80, PSI
Trivial name: cell-surface polysaccharide, pentaglycosyl phosphate repeating unit cell-surface polysaccharide, rhamnoglucan PSI, PS1, cell-surface polysaccharide PS-I, PSI, PSI repeating unit
Compound class: cell wall polysaccharide, lipoteichoic acid
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_136105,IEDB_142488,IEDB_144998,IEDB_145002,IEDB_146664,IEDB_189515,IEDB_189517,IEDB_225177,IEDB_232583,IEDB_232584,IEDB_232585,IEDB_885823,IEDB_983931,SB_192
Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, NMR-2D, GC-MS, SDS-PAGE, sugar analysis, 31P NMR, MD simulations, immunochemical methods, conjugation
Comments, role: Clostridium difficile ribotype 027 (toxinotype III, NAP1); published polymerization frame was shifted for conformity with other record.
Related record ID(s): 27119
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 1496Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G60087JR, GlycomeDB:
36857
Show glycosyltransferases
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
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