Taxonomic group: bacteria / Firmicutes
(Phylum: Firmicutes)
Associated disease: infection due to Bacillus cereus [ICD11:
XN8PY 
]
NCBI PubMed ID: 23493680Publication DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwt019Journal NLM ID: 9104124Publisher: IRL Press at Oxford University Press
Correspondence: elmark
ccrc.uga.edu
Institutions: Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
Endolysins are bacteriophage enzymes that lyse their bacterial host for phage progeny release. They commonly contain an N-terminal catalytic domain that hydrolyzes bacterial peptidoglycan (PG) and a C-terminal cell wall-binding domain (CBD) that confers enzyme localization to the PG substrate. Two endolysins, phage lysin L (PlyL) and phage lysin G (PlyG), are specific for Bacillus anthracis. To date, the cell wall ligands for their C-terminal CBD have not been identified. We recently described structures for a number of secondary cell wall polysaccharides (SCWPs) from B. anthracis and B. cereus strains. They are covalently bound to the PG and are comprised of a -ManNAc-GlcNAc-HexNAc- backbone with various galactosyl or glucosyl substitutions. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) showed that the endolysins PlyL and PlyG bind to the SCWP from B. anthracis (SCWPBa) with high affinity (i.e. in the muM range with dissociation constants ranging from 0.81 x 10-6 to 7.51 x 10-6 M). In addition, the PlyL and PlyG SCWPBa binding sites reside with their C-terminal domains. The dissociation constants for the interactions of these endolysins and their derived C-terminal domains with the SCWPBa were in the range reported for other protein-carbohydrate interactions. Our findings show that the SCWPBa is the ligand that confers PlyL and PlyG lysin binding and localization to the PG. PlyL and PlyG also bound the SCWP from B. cereus G9241 with comparable affinities to SCWPBa. No detectable binding was found to the SCWPs from B. cereus ATCC (American Type Culture Collection) 10987 and ATCC 14579, thus demonstrating specificity of lysin binding to SCWPs.
polysaccharide, bacteriophage, Bacillus anthracis, secondary cell wall polymer, endolysin
Structure type: polymer chemical repeating unit
Location inside paper: p.821, fig.1A
Compound class: cell wall polysaccharide
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_130648,IEDB_134627,IEDB_135813,IEDB_136044,IEDB_137340,IEDB_137472,IEDB_137473,IEDB_1391961,IEDB_1391963,IEDB_141584,IEDB_141794,IEDB_141807,IEDB_143260,IEDB_149159,IEDB_151531,IEDB_190606,IEDB_423151,IEDB_885813,IEDB_885822,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_195,SB_23,SB_24,SB_7,SB_8,SB_88
Methods: GC-MS, HF solvolysis, SDS-PAGE, composition analysis, genetic methods, binding assays, SPR
Biological activity: analysis of the interaction of the endolysins with cell wall polysaccharides
Related record ID(s): 29484, 29486, 29972
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 222523Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G95573KX
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There is only one chemically distinct structure:
Found 
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