Taxonomic group: bacteria / Proteobacteria
(Phylum: Proteobacteria)
Associated disease: infection due to Escherichia coli [ICD11:
XN6P4 
]
NCBI PubMed ID: 23746650Publication DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.05.007Journal NLM ID: 0043535Publisher: Elsevier
Correspondence: C. Whitfield <cwhitfie
uoguelph.ca>
Institutions: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
Bacterial capsules are formed primarily from long-chain polysaccharides with repeat-unit structures. A given bacterial species can produce a range of capsular polysaccharides (CPSs) with different structures and these help distinguish isolates by serotyping, as is the case with Escherichia coli K antigens. Capsules are important virulence factors for many pathogens and this review focuses on CPSs synthesized via ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter-dependent processes in Gram-negative bacteria. Bacteria utilizing this pathway are often associated with urinary tract infections, septicemia, and meningitis, and E. coli and Neisseria meningitidis provide well-studied examples. CPSs from ABC transporter-dependent pathways are synthesized at the cytoplasmic face of the inner membrane through the concerted action of glycosyltransferases before being exported across the inner membrane and translocated to the cell surface. A hallmark of these CPSs is a conserved reducing terminal glycolipid composed of phosphatidylglycerol and a poly-3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) linker. Recent discovery of the structure of this conserved lipid terminus provides new insights into the early steps in CPS biosynthesis.
biosynthesis, capsular polysaccharides, glycosyltransferases, gram negative bacteria, export, ABC transporters
Structure type: polymer chemical repeating unit
Location inside paper: p.36, table 1
Compound class: CPS
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_133754,IEDB_136105,IEDB_225177,IEDB_885823
Comments, role: review
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 83333Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G77822WJ
Show glycosyltransferases
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
Found 
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