Taxonomic group: bacteria / Proteobacteria
(Phylum: Proteobacteria)
Host organism: Homo sapiens
Associated disease: infection due to Burkholderia mallei [ICD11:
XN6Y3 
]
The structure was elucidated in this paperNCBI PubMed ID: 26635809Publication DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00595Journal NLM ID: 101560960Publisher: Lausanne: Frontiers Research Foundation
Correspondence: Kuprash DV <kuprash
gmail.com>; Knirel YA <yknirel
gmail.com>
Institutions: Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Department of Chemical Sciences, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy, CNR Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials, Catania, Italy, State Centre of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Obolensk, Moscow region, Russia, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ), a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is required for activation of innate immunity upon recognition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Gram-negative bacteria. The ability of TLR4 to respond to a particular LPS species is important since insufficient activation may not prevent bacterial growth while excessive immune reaction may lead to immunopathology associated with sepsis. Here we investigated the biological activity of LPS from Burkholderia mallei that causes glanders, and from the two well-known opportunistic pathogens Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (causative agents of nosocomial infections). For each bacterial strain, R-form LPS was purified by hydrophobic chromatography and the chemical structure of lipid A, an LPS structural component, was elucidated by HR-MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The biological activity of LPS preparations was evaluated by their ability to induce production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF, by bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM). Our results demonstrate direct correlation between the biological activity of LPS from these pathogenic bacteria and the extent of their lipid A acylation.
lipid A, Gram-negative bacteria, macrophages, innate immunity, acyl chains, proinflammatory cytokines
Structure type: oligomer
Location inside paper: fig.2, p.5
Compound class: lipid A
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_141807,IEDB_151531
Methods: ELISA, MS/MS, biological assays, GPC, UV, RT-PCR, statistical analysis, HR-MALDI-TOF MS
Biological activity: induction of proinflammatory cytokines by LPS isolated from various bacteria
Comments, role: in Fig 2. Ara4N is depicted as β-D and configurations are not discussed in the text. β-L configuration was assumed as correct
Related record ID(s): 30625, 30799
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 13373
Show glycosyltransferases
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
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