Taxonomic group: bacteria / Proteobacteria
(Phylum: Proteobacteria)
Associated disease: infection due to Escherichia coli [ICD11:
XN6P4 
]
NCBI PubMed ID: 20665196Publisher: New York: Springer.
Editors: Jeannin J-F
Correspondence: skus
sunbor.or.jp
Institutions: Suntory Institute for Bioorganic Research, Wakayamadai 1-1-1, Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka, 618-8503, Japan
Lipid A is the lipophilic partial structure of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is a characteristic and essential component of the cell surface architecture of Gram negative bacteria. LPS constitutes the outer leaflet of the lipid bilayer of outer membrane which covers the outermost surface of bacterial cells. Structurally, LPS is composed of covalently bound three distinct parts, i. e., O-antigenic polysaccharide, core oligosaccharide and glycolipid called lipid A (Fig. 1). Westphal and Luderitz found that the linkage between the core oligosaccharide and glycolipid is selectively cleaved by mild acid hydrolysis of LPS. They also observed that the liberated glycolipid, which they named lipid A, is responsible for the endotoxic activity of LPS. (1) Figure 1. Schematic structure of lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Lipopolysaccharide, synthesis, structure, O-antigenic polysaccharide, lipid A, glycolipid
Structure type: oligomer
Location inside paper: p.7, fig.2, disaccharide (2)
Trivial name: lipid IV A, lipid IV(A)
Compound class: lipid A, glycolipid
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_135394,IEDB_135515,IEDB_141807,IEDB_151531
Comments, role: review; disaccharide biosynthetic precursor.
Related record ID(s): 25316, 31184
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 562
Show glycosyltransferases
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
Found 
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