Taxonomic group: fungi / Basidiomycota
(Phylum: Basidiomycota)
Organ / tissue: capsuleAssociated disease: infection due to Cryptococcus neoformans [ICD11:
XN3EH 
];
infection due to Cryptococcus gattii [ICD11:
XN0LE ]
NCBI PubMed ID: 19343609Publication DOI: 10.3109/13693780902788621Journal NLM ID: 9815835Publisher: Oxford: Oxford University Press
Correspondence: Rodrigues ML <marciolr
pq.cnpq.br>
Institutions: Laboratório de Estudos Integrados em Bioquímica Microbiana, Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
Glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) is the major capsular polysaccharide of Cryptococcus neoformans. It is essential for fungal virulence and causes a number of deleterious effects to host cells. During the last decades, most of the experimental models designed to study the roles of GXM during cryptococcal infection were based on the stimulation of animal cells. This most commonly involved macrophages or other effector cells, with polysaccharide fractions obtained by precipitation with cationic detergents. More recently, it has been demonstrated that GXM interferes with the physiological state of other target cells, such as the epithelium. In addition, recent studies indicate that the structure of the polysaccharide and, consequently, its functions vary according with the method used for its purification. This raises questions as to what is native GXM and the significance of prior studies. In this paper, we discuss some of the aspects of GXM that are still poorly explored in the current literature, including the relevance of the polysaccharide in the interaction of cryptococci with non-phagocytic cells and the relationship between its structure and biological activity.
polysaccharide structure, Cryptococcus neoformans, Glucuronoxylomannan, epithelial infection
Structure type: suggested polymer biological repeating unit
Location inside paper: Fig.2, A, B, GXM
Trivial name: glucuronoxylomannan (GXM), glucuronoxylomannan
Compound class: CPS, EPS, O-polysaccharide, O-antigen, cell wall polysaccharide, polysaccharide, glucuronoxylomannan, capsule polysaccharide
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_114701,IEDB_115136,IEDB_115576,IEDB_130701,IEDB_140116,IEDB_140630,IEDB_144983,IEDB_145668,IEDB_152206,IEDB_164174,IEDB_167188,IEDB_174332,IEDB_2270799,IEDB_423153,IEDB_76933,IEDB_983930,SB_197,SB_44,SB_67,SB_72
Comments, role: aggregated in the presence of divalent metals due to the formation of a salt by glucuronic acid residue; chemical repeating unit frame was shifted in annotation for compatibility with structures elucidated by MS [Eukaryotic Cell 2007, 6: 1464-1473]
Related record ID(s): 40816, 42130, 43808, 43816, 43822, 43825, 43917, 44281, 44283, 44286, 44351
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 5207,
37769Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G42955PN
Show glycosyltransferases
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
Found 
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