Taxonomic group: fungi / Ascomycota
(Phylum: Ascomycota)
Organ / tissue: cell wallAssociated disease: sporotrichosis [ICD11:
1F2J 
, ICD11:
XN6GM ];
infection due to Sporothrix schenckii [ICD11:
XN6GM ]
The structure was elucidated in this paperNCBI PubMed ID: 29522522Publication DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006169Journal NLM ID: 101291488Publisher: San Francisco, CA: Public Library of Science
Correspondence: Lopes-Bezerra LM <lmlb23
globo.com>
Institutions: MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, Lab. Cellular Mycology and Proteomics, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Departamento de Biología, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular, Caracas, Venezuela
Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous mycosis caused by pathogenic species of the Sporothrix genus. A new emerging species, Sporothrix brasiliensis, is related to cat-transmitted sporotrichosis and has severe clinical manifestations. The cell wall of pathogenic fungi is a unique structure and impacts directly on the host immune response. We reveal and compare the cell wall structures of Sporothrix schenckii and S. brasiliensis using high-pressure freezing electron microscopy to study the cell wall organization of both species. To analyze the components of the cell wall, we also used infrared and 13C and 1H NMR spectroscopy and the sugar composition was determined by quantitative high-performance anion-exchange chromatography. Our ultrastructural data revealed a bi-layered cell wall structure for both species, including an external microfibrillar layer and an inner electron-dense layer. The inner and outer layers of the S. brasiliensis cell wall were thicker than those of S. schenckii, correlating with an increase in the chitin and rhamnose contents. Moreover, the outer microfibrillar layer of the S. brasiliensis cell wall had longer microfibrils interconnecting yeast cells. Distinct from those of other dimorphic fungi, the cell wall of Sporothrix spp. lacked α-glucan component. Interestingly, glycogen α-particles were identified in the cytoplasm close to the cell wall and the plasma membrane. The cell wall structure as well as the presence of glycogen α-particles varied over time during cell culture. The structural differences observed in the cell wall of these Sporothrix species seemed to impact its uptake by monocyte-derived human macrophages. The data presented here show a unique cell wall structure of S. brasiliensis and S. schenckii during the yeast parasitic phase. A new cell wall model for Sporothrix spp. is therefore proposed that suggests that these fungi molt sheets of intact cell wall layers. This observation may have significant effects on localized and disseminated immunopathology.
virulence, cell wall, Microscopy, Sporothrix
Structure type: structural motif or average structure
Location inside paper: p. 9, paragraph 3
Trivial name: chitin
Compound class: cell wall polysaccharide, glucan
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_135813,IEDB_137340,IEDB_141807,IEDB_151531,IEDB_153212,IEDB_241099,IEDB_423114,IEDB_423150,SB_74,SB_85
Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, IR, acid hydrolysis, electron microscopy, HPAEC-PAD, fluorescence microscopy, confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, macrophage activity assay, centrifugation, light microscopy, TFA hydrolysis, HPT-TEM, statictical analysis
Biological activity: functions as PAMP (pathogen-associated molecular pattern)
Related record ID(s): 48634, 48636, 48650, 48651, 48652, 48689, 48691, 48694, 48715, 48752, 48757, 48764, 48769, 48786, 48787, 48788, 48789, 48794, 48795, 48801, 48804, 48828, 48853, 48859, 48872, 48900, 48901, 48902, 48984
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 29908,
545650Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G97099AY
Show glycosyltransferases
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
Found 
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