Taxonomic group: fungi /
NCBI PubMed ID: 30308080Publication DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007271Journal NLM ID: 101238921Publisher: San Francisco, CA: Public Library of Science
Correspondence: jonathan.dworkin
columbia.edu
Institutions: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, USA
Carbohydrate recognition is fundamental to a wide variety of interkingdom interactions. For example, bacterial peptidoglycan, an N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc)±N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc) polymer [1], and fungal chitin, a GlcNAc polymer [2, 3], are both immunostimulatory to vertebrates. In addition, bacterially produced Nodulation (Nod) factors, which consist of a modified GlcNAc, play a key role in symbiotic interactions with plants [4]. The structural similarity of these GlcNAc-containing molecules (Fig 1) suggests possible overlap in their physiological action, although many of the mechanisms underlying the detection of these molecules in different organisms appear unrelated. However, a single phylogenetically conserved domain, called Lysin (LysM), is found in specific receptors in signaling pathways responsive to one or more of these three related carbohydrates in bacteria, plants, and fungi and possibly mammalian systems. Thus, promiscuous activation could occur when a structurally similar but physiologically inappropriate ligand binds and thereby aberrantly activates an incorrect LysM domain-containing receptor. Here, I will discuss this possibility and its implications for immune pathologies such as asthma in which chitin is relevant.
nod factors, GlcNAc, carbohydrate recognition, chitin, LysM domain
Structure type: structural motif or average structure
Location inside paper: Fig. 1 (B)
Trivial name: chitin
Compound class: cell wall polysaccharide, glucan
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_135813,IEDB_137340,IEDB_141807,IEDB_151531,IEDB_153212,IEDB_241099,IEDB_423114,IEDB_423150,SB_74,SB_85
Biological activity: interacts with LysM domains in different organisms
Related record ID(s): 48634, 48636, 48650, 48651, 48652, 48689, 48691, 48694, 48715, 48752, 48757, 48764, 48769, 48785, 48794, 48795, 48801, 48804, 48828, 48859, 48872, 48900, 48901, 48902, 48984
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 4751Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G97099AY
Show glycosyltransferases
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
Found 
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