Taxonomic group: bacteria, bacteria, bacteria, fungi / Proteobacteria, Proteobacteria, Proteobacteria, Ascomycota
(Phylum: Proteobacteria, Proteobacteria, Proteobacteria, Ascomycota)
NCBI PubMed ID: 31102241Publication DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-7318-3_3Publisher: Singapore: Springer
Editors: Yang Q, Fukamizo T
Correspondence: Merzendorfer H <hans.merzendorfer
uni-siegen.de>
Institutions: Department of Chemistry and Biology - Molecular Biology, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
Chitin is an important structural polysaccharide, which supports and organizes extracellular matrices in a variety of taxonomic groups including bacteria, fungi, protists, and animals. Additionally, chitin has been recognized as a molecule that is required for Rhizobia-legume symbiosis and involved in arbuscular mycorrhizal signaling in the symbiotic interaction between terrestrial plants and fungi. Moreover, it serves as a unique molecular pattern in the plant defense system against pathogenic fungi and parasites, and in the innate and adaptive immune response of mammals and humans. In this review, we will focus on the prevalence and structural function of chitin in bacteria, fungi, and protists, with a particular focus on the evolution of chitin synthases and the function of chitin oligosaccharides as a signaling molecule in symbiosis and immunity.
Rhizobia, cell wall, fungi, protists, skeleton
Structure type: homopolymer
Location inside paper: p.23, Fig. 3.1
Trivial name: chitin
Compound class: O-polysaccharide, cell wall polysaccharide, glucan, polysaccharide, chitin
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_135813,IEDB_137340,IEDB_141807,IEDB_151531,IEDB_153212,IEDB_241099,IEDB_423114,IEDB_423150,SB_74,SB_85
Related record ID(s): 40760, 40800, 41831, 42398, 48828, 49501, 49523, 49568, 111874, 121703, 131817, 139821, 143656, 147987, 149876
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 7,
384,
382,
4932Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G97099AY, CCSD:
46067, CBank-STR:5851, GenDB:KF905651
Show glycosyltransferases
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
Found 
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