Taxonomic group: fungi /
NCBI PubMed ID: 31102246Publication DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-7318-3_8Publisher: Singapore: Springer
Editors: Yang Q, Fukamizo T
Correspondence: kqzhang1
ynu.edu.cn
Institutions: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
Chitin is one of the most important carbohydrates of the fungal cell wall, and is synthesized by chitin synthases. Chitin can be degraded by chitinases, which are important virulence factors in pathogenic fungi. Knowledge about the biosynthesis and degradation of chitin, and the enzymes responsible, has accumulated in recent years. In this review, we analyze the amino acid sequences of chitin synthases from several typical fungi. These enzymes can be divided into seven groups. While the different chitin synthases from a single fungus share a low degree of similarity, the same type of chitin synthase from different fungi shows high similarity. The number of chitinase genes in fungi display wide variation, from a single gene in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, to 36 genes in Trichoderma virens. Chitinases from different fungi can be divided into four groups. The functions of chitin synthases and chitinases in several typical fungi are summarized, and the crystal structures of chitinases and chitinase modification are also discussed.
crystal structure, modification, chitin, chitin synthase, chitinase
Structure type: homopolymer
Location inside paper: abstract
Trivial name: chitin
Compound class: O-polysaccharide, cell wall polysaccharide, glucan, polysaccharide, chitin
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_135813,IEDB_137340,IEDB_141807,IEDB_151531,IEDB_153212,IEDB_241099,IEDB_423114,IEDB_423150,SB_74,SB_85
Enzymes that release or process the structure: chitinase
Related record ID(s): 40760, 40800, 41831, 42398, 48828, 49501, 49523, 49564, 111874, 121703, 131817, 139821, 143656, 147987, 149876
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 4751Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G97099AY, CCSD:
46067, CBank-STR:5851, GenDB:KF905651
Show glycosyltransferases
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
Found 
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