Taxonomic group: fungi /
Organ / tissue: cell wall
NCBI PubMed ID: 32545663Publication DOI: 10.3390/foods9060782Journal NLM ID: 101670569Publisher: Basel, Switzerland: MDPI AG
Correspondence: Lopez-Santamarina A <aroa.lopez.santamarina
rai.usc.es>; Mondragon ADC <aliciamondragon
yahoo.com>; Lamas A <alexandre.lamas
usc.es>; Miranda JM <josemanuel.miranda
usc.es>; Franco CM <carlos.franco
usc.es>; Cepeda A <alberto.cepeda
usc.es>
Institutions: Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos, Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
The human gut microbiota has been revealed in recent years as a factor that plays a decisive role in the maintenance of human health, as well as in the development of many non-communicable diseases. This microbiota can be modulated by various dietary factors, among which complex carbohydrates have a great influence. Although most complex carbohydrates included in the human diet come from vegetables, there are also options to include complex carbohydrates from non-vegetable sources, such as chitin and its derivatives. Chitin, and its derivatives such as chitosan can be obtained from non-vegetable sources, the best being insects, crustacean exoskeletons and fungi. The present review offers a broad perspective of the current knowledge surrounding the impacts of chitin and its derived polysaccharides on the human gut microbiota and the profound need for more in-depth investigations into this topic. Overall, the effects of whole insects or meal on the gut microbiota have contradictory results, possibly due to their high protein content. Better results are obtained for the case of chitin derivatives, regarding both metabolic effects and effects on the gut microbiota composition.
polysaccharides, insect, gut microbiota, prebiotic, chitosan, chitin, crustacean
Structure type: structural motif or average structure
Location inside paper: p. 13
Trivial name: chitosan
Compound class: O-polysaccharide, cell wall polysaccharide, glucan, polysaccharide
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_135813,IEDB_137340,IEDB_141807,IEDB_151531,IEDB_153212,IEDB_241099,IEDB_423114,IEDB_423150,SB_74,SB_85
Biological activity: chitosan showed metabolic effects in pigs, such as a reduction in feed intake and body weight, metagenomic evidence of promoting important metabolic pathways and vitamin synthesis, and improved serumlipidic profile, such as a decrease in triglycerides, cholesterol and aspartame aminotransferase, a marker of liver health. Regarding its direct effect on the gut microbiota, chitosan addition was related to a decrease in Firmicutes, and increase in the counts of Bacteroidetes
Related record ID(s): 41553, 44877, 44886, 46311, 46570, 46683, 48760, 48774, 49133, 49502, 49512, 49524, 49653, 50016, 50301, 50303, 50304, 50307, 50308, 50310, 50311, 50313, 50315, 50317, 50319, 50320
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 4751Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G97099AY
Show glycosyltransferases
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
Found 
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