Taxonomic group: fungi /
Organ / tissue: cell wall
NCBI PubMed ID: 32941908Publication DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.042Journal NLM ID: 7909578Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
Correspondence: xzhmao
ouc.edu.cn
Institutions: College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
Many by-products that are harmful to the environment and human health are generated during food processing. However, these wastes are often potential resources with high-added value. For example, crustacean waste contains large amounts of chitin. Chitin is one of the most abundant polysaccharides in natural macromolecules, and is a typical component of crustaceans, mollusks, insect exoskeleton and fungal cell walls. Chitosan is prepared by deacetylation of chitin and a copolymer of D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine through β-(1→4)-glycosidic bonds. Chitosan has better solubility, biocompatibility and degradability compared with chitin. This review introduces the preparation, physicochemical properties, chemical and physical modification methods of chitosan, which could help us understand its biological activities and applications. According to the latest reports, the antibacterial activity, antioxidant, immune and antitumor activities of chitosan and its derivatives are summarized. Simultaneously, the various applications of chitosan and its derivatives are reviewed, including food, chemical, textile, medical and health, and functional materials. Finally, some insights into its future potential are provided, including novel modification methods, directional modification according to structure-activity relationship, activity and application development direction, etc.
modification, biological activity, application, chitosan and its derivatives
Structure type: homopolymer
Location inside paper: Fig. 2, left structure, p, 4543, left column, paragraph 3
Trivial name: chitin, chitosan
Compound class: O-polysaccharide, cell wall polysaccharide, glucan, polysaccharide
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_135813,IEDB_137340,IEDB_141807,IEDB_151531,IEDB_153212,IEDB_241099,IEDB_423114,IEDB_423150,SB_74,SB_85
Biological activity: chitosan interaction with microbial cell membranes causes bacterial biofilms to rupture. At lower concentrations, binding of positively charged chitosan to the surface of negatively charged bacteria could lead to the accumulation of bacteria, a larger number of positive charges could neutralize the charge on the surface of the bacteria and cause the bacteria to suspension with increasing chitosan concentration
Enzymes that release or process the structure: chitin deacetylase
Related record ID(s): 41553, 41561, 44877, 44886, 46311, 46570, 46683, 48760, 48774, 49133, 49502, 49512, 49524, 49653, 50016, 50301, 50303, 50304, 50307, 50308, 50310, 50311, 50314, 50315, 50317, 50319
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 4751Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G97099AY
Show glycosyltransferases
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
Found 
report error