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1. (Article ID: 680)
 
Haseley S, Wilkinson SG
Structure of the O18 antigen from Acinetobacter baumannii
Carbohydrate Research 301(3-4) (1997) 187-192
 

The polymeric O antigen was obtained from lipopolysaccharide extracted from isolated, defatted cell walls of the reference strain for Acinetobacter baumannii serogroup O18. Monosaccharide analyses and NMR spectra established that the polymer had a regular structure with a repeating unit based on residues of D-galactose (2), N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (1), and N-acetyl-D-mannosamine (1). Further interpretation of the NMR spectra, combined with the results of methylation analysis and a Smith degradation, showed that the repeating unit had the following structure. β-D-ManpNAc-(1→4)-α-D-Galp 1 decreases 4 →3)-β-D-GalpNAc-(1→3)-β-D-Galp-(1→.

Lipopolysaccharide, antigen, LPS, structure, Acinetobacter, Acinetobacter baumannii, O18 antigen

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2. (Article ID: 4329)
 
Knirel YA
Structure of O-antigens
Book: Bacterial lipopolysaccharides: Structure, chemical synthesis, biogenesis and interaction with host cells (2011) Chapter 3, 41-115
 

The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Its lipid A moiety is embedded in the membrane and serves as an anchor for the rest of the LPS molecule. The outermost repetitive glycan region of the LPS is linked to the lipid A through a core oligosaccharide (OS), and is designated as the O-specific polysaccharide (O-polysaccharide, OPS) or O-antigen. The O-antigen is the most variable portion of the LPS and provides serological specificity, which is used for bacterial serotyping. The OPS also provides protection to the microorganisms from host defenses such as complement mediated killing and phagocytosis, and is involved in interactions of bacteria with plants and bacteriophages. Studies of the OPSs ranging from the elucidation of their chemical structures and conformations to their biological and physico-chemical properties help improving classification schemes of Gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, these studies contributed to a better understanding of the mechanisms of pathogenesis of infectious diseases, as well as provided information to develop novel vaccines and diagnostic reagents.

Lipopolysaccharide, synthesis, lipopolysaccharides, structure, Bacterial, host, O-antigen, O antigen, cell, O antigens, O-antigens, chemical, interaction, cells, PDF, chemical synthesis, biogenesis

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3. (Article ID: 4750)
 
Arihara R, Kakita K, Yamada K, Nakamura S, Hashimoto S
Synthesis of the Tetrasaccharide Repeating Unit from Acinetobacter baumannii Serogroup O18 Capitalizing on Phosphorus-containing Leaving Groups
Journal of Organic Chemistry 80(9) (2015) 4278-4288
 

The first convergent synthesis of the tetrasaccharide repeating unit of the polymeric O antigen isolated from Acinetobacter baumannii serogroup O18 has been achieved. The ManNAc β1→4 Gal and GalNAc β1→3 Gal units were successfully obtained through beta-selective glycosylation with 2- azido-4,6-O-benzylidene-2-deoxymannosyl diphenyl phosphate and Tf2NH-promoted glycosylation with 2-acetamido-2-deoxygalactosyl diethyl phosphite, respectively. The disaccharide units could be coupled with the aid of TMSClO4 as an activator of the diphenyl phosphate leaving group, and global deprotection completed the synthesis of the tetrasaccharide.

O-antigen, Acinetobacter baumannii

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4. (Article ID: 4819)
 
Giguere D
Surface polysaccharides from Acinetobacter baumannii: Structures and syntheses
Carbohydrate Research 418 (2015) 29-43
 

The emergence of multidrug-resistance Acinetobacter baumannii requires novel approaches for prevention, treatment and diagnosis. The structures of surface polysaccharides from A. baumannii are valuable tools to understand pathogenesis, virulence and immunogenicity. The synthesis of bacterial mono- or polysaccharides may result in novel probes to become important therapeutic options in the fight against A. baumannii. This report exemplifies the relevance of glycochemistry for the development of new antibiotics.

lipopolysaccharides, capsular polysaccharides, Acinetobacter, Acinetobacter baumannii, polysaccharide synthesis, surface polysaccharides

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