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1. (CSDB ID: 7285) | report error |
| a-D-Galp-(1-3)-b-D-Galp | Show graphically |
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Leishmania
(NCBI TaxID 5658,
species name lookup)
]; visceral leishmaniasis [ICD11: 1F54.0 , ICD11: XN8JE ]; cutaneous leishmaniasis [ICD11: 1F54.1 , ICD11: XN8JE ]; mucocutaneous leishmaniasis [ICD11: 1F54.2 , ICD11: XN8JE ]
lancaster.ac.uOligosaccharides are broadly present on Leishmania cell surfaces. They can be useful for the leishmaniases diagnosis and also helpful in identifying new cell markers for the disease. The disaccharide Galα1-3Galβ is the immunodominant saccharide in Leishmania cell surface and is the unique non-reducing terminal glycosphingolipids structure recognized by anti-α-Gal. This study describes an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) used to measure serum levels of anti-α-galactosyl (α-Gal) antibodies in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Optimal ELISA conditions were established and two neoglycoproteins (NGP) containing the Galα1-3Gal terminal fraction (Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc-HAS and Galα1-3Gal-HAS) and one Galα1-3Gal NGP analogue (Galα1-3Galβ1-3GlcNAc-HAS) were used as antigens. Means of anti-α-Gal antibody titres of CL patients were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the healthy individuals for all NGPs tested. Sensitivity and specificity of all NGPs ranged from 62.2 to 78.4% and 58.3 to 96.7%, respectively. In conclusion, the NGPs can be used for CL diagnosis.
antigen, ELISA, saccharide, α-galactosyl, L.braziliensis
Structure type: fragment of a bigger structure|
2. (CSDB ID: 7358) | report error |
| a-D-Glcp-(1--P--6)--+ | SUG-(1-?)-{{{-b-D-Galp-(1-4)-a-D-Manp-(1--P--6)--}}}a-D-Galp-(1-6)-a-D-Galp-(1-3)-b-D-Galf-(1-3)-a-D-Manp-(1-3)-a-D-Manp-(1-4)-a-D-GlcpN-(1-6)-L-myoIno-(1--P--3)--Gro1ALK | Show graphically |
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Leishmania enriettii MCAV/BR/1945/L88
(Ancestor NCBI TaxID 5663,
species name lookup)
Leishmania enriettii MCAV/BR/1985/COBAIA_SP
(Ancestor NCBI TaxID 5663,
species name lookup)
Leishmania braziliensis M2903
(NCBI TaxID 1295825,
species name lookup)
]; mucocutaneous leishmaniasis [ICD11: 1F54.2 , ICD11: XN8JE ]cpqrr.fiocruz.brBackground: Leishmania enriettii is a species non-infectious to man, whose reservoir is the guinea pig Cavia porcellus. Many aspects of the parasite-host interaction in this model are unknown, especially those involving parasite surface molecules. While lipophosphoglycans (LPGs) and glycoinositolphospholipids (GIPLs) of Leishmania species from the Old and New World have already been described, glycoconjugates of L. enriettii and their importance are still unknown. Methods: Mice peritoneal macrophages from C57BL/6 and knock-out (TLR2 -/-, TLR4 -/-) were primed with IFN-γ and stimulated with purified LPG and GIPLs from both species. Nitric oxide and cytokine production were performed. MAPKs (p38 and JNK) and NF-kB activation were evaluated in J774.1 macrophages and CHO cells, respectively. Results: LPGs were extracted, purified and analysed by western-blot, showing that LPG from L88 strain was longer than that of Cobaia strain. LPGs and GIPLs were depolymerised and their sugar content was determined. LPGs from both strains did not present side chains, having the common disaccharide Gal(β1,4)Man(α1)-PO4. The GIPL from L88 strain presented galactose in its structure, suggestive of type II GIPL. On the other hand, the GIPL of Cobaia strain presented an abundance of glucose, a characteristic not previously observed. Mice peritoneal macrophages from C57BL/6 and knock-outs (TLR2 -/- and TLR4 -/-) were primed with IFN-γ and stimulated with glycoconjugates and live parasites. No activation of NO or cytokines was observed with live parasites. On the other hand, LPGs and GIPLs were able to activate the production of NO, IL-6, IL-12 and TNF-α preferably via TRL2. However, in CHO cells, only GIPLs were able to activate TRL2 and TRL4. In vivo studies using male guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) showed that only strain L88 was able to develop more severe ulcerated lesions especially in the presence of salivary gland extract (SGE). Conclusion: The two L. enriettii strains exhibited polymorphisms in their LPGs and GIPLs and those features may be related to a more pro-inflammatory profile in the L88 strain.
glycoconjugates, macrophage, innate immunity, lipophosphoglycan, glycoinositolphospholipids, Cavia porcellus, Leishmania enriettii
Structure type: oligomer|
3. (CSDB ID: 8143) | report error |
| a-D-Glcp-(1--P--6)--+ | SUG-(1--P--6)--{{{-b-D-Galp-(1-4)-a-D-Manp-(1--P--6)--}}}a-D-Galp-(1-6)-a-D-Galp-(1-3)-b-D-Galf-(1-3)-a-D-Manp-(1-3)-a-D-Manp-(1-4)-a-D-GlcpN-(1-6)-L-myoIno-(1--P--3)--Gro1ALK | Show graphically |
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Leishmania braziliensis MHOM/BR/75/M2903
(NCBI TaxID 1295825,
species name lookup)
]; mucocutaneous leishmaniasis [ICD11: 1F54.2 , ICD11: XN8JE ]cpqrr.fiocruz.brBackground: The dominant, cell surface lipophosphoglycan (LPG) of Leishmania is a multifunctional molecule involved in the interaction with vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. Although the role of LPG on infection has been extensively studied, it is not known if LPG interspecies variations contribute to the different immunopathologies of leishmaniases. To investigate the issue of interspecies polymorphisms, two Leishmania species from the New World that express structural variations of side chains of LPG repeat units were examined. In this context, the procyclic form of L. braziliensis LPG (strain M2903), is devoid of side chains, while the L. infantum LPG (strain BH46) has up to three glucoses residues in the repeat units. Methods: Mice peritoneal macrophages from Balb/c, C57BL/6 and knock-out (TLR2 -/-, TLR4 -/-) were primed with IFN-γ and stimulated with purified LPG from both species. Nitric oxide and cytokine production, MAPKs (ERK, p38 and JNK) and NF-kB activation were evaluated. Results: Macrophages stimulated with L. braziliensis LPG, had a higher TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and NO production than those stimulated with that of L. infantum. Furthermore, the LPGs from the two species resulted in differential kinetics of signaling via MAPK activation. L. infantum LPG exhibited a gradual activation profile, whereas L. braziliensis LPG showed a sharp but transient activation. L. braziliensis LPG was able to activate NF-kB. Conclusion: These data suggest that two biochemically distinct LPGs were able to differentially modulate macrophage functions.
Leishmania braziliensis, Leishmania infantum, Lipophosphoglycan (LPG), Macrophage modulation, procyclic form
Structure type: oligomer|
4. (CSDB ID: 8285) | report error |
| a-D-Manp-(1-3)-a-D-Manp-(1-4)-a-D-GlcpN-(1-6)-L-myoIno-(1-P | Show graphically |
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Leishmania braziliensis
(NCBI TaxID 5660,
species name lookup)
]; mucocutaneous leishmaniasis [ICD11: 1F54.2 , ICD11: XN8JE ]cpqrr.fiocruz.brBackground: Leishmania enriettii is a species non-infectious to man, whose reservoir is the guinea pig Cavia porcellus. Many aspects of the parasite-host interaction in this model are unknown, especially those involving parasite surface molecules. While lipophosphoglycans (LPGs) and glycoinositolphospholipids (GIPLs) of Leishmania species from the Old and New World have already been described, glycoconjugates of L. enriettii and their importance are still unknown. Methods: Mice peritoneal macrophages from C57BL/6 and knock-out (TLR2 -/-, TLR4 -/-) were primed with IFN-γ and stimulated with purified LPG and GIPLs from both species. Nitric oxide and cytokine production were performed. MAPKs (p38 and JNK) and NF-kB activation were evaluated in J774.1 macrophages and CHO cells, respectively. Results: LPGs were extracted, purified and analysed by western-blot, showing that LPG from L88 strain was longer than that of Cobaia strain. LPGs and GIPLs were depolymerised and their sugar content was determined. LPGs from both strains did not present side chains, having the common disaccharide Gal(β1,4)Man(α1)-PO4. The GIPL from L88 strain presented galactose in its structure, suggestive of type II GIPL. On the other hand, the GIPL of Cobaia strain presented an abundance of glucose, a characteristic not previously observed. Mice peritoneal macrophages from C57BL/6 and knock-outs (TLR2 -/- and TLR4 -/-) were primed with IFN-γ and stimulated with glycoconjugates and live parasites. No activation of NO or cytokines was observed with live parasites. On the other hand, LPGs and GIPLs were able to activate the production of NO, IL-6, IL-12 and TNF-α preferably via TRL2. However, in CHO cells, only GIPLs were able to activate TRL2 and TRL4. In vivo studies using male guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) showed that only strain L88 was able to develop more severe ulcerated lesions especially in the presence of salivary gland extract (SGE). Conclusion: The two L. enriettii strains exhibited polymorphisms in their LPGs and GIPLs and those features may be related to a more pro-inflammatory profile in the L88 strain.
glycoconjugates, macrophage, innate immunity, lipophosphoglycan, glycoinositolphospholipids, Cavia porcellus, Leishmania enriettii
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