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Taxonomic group: protista / Euglenozoa (Phylum: Euglenozoa)
Host organism: (mammal)
Organ / tissue: cell surface, Life stage: epimastigote
Associated disease: Chagas disease [ICD11: 1F53

, ICD11: XN56V

]; infection due to Trypanosoma cruzi [ICD11: XN56V

]

NCBI PubMed ID: 24264245
Publication DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-7305-9_7
Journal NLM ID: 0316571
Publisher: New York: Springer
Correspondence: mjmalves

iq.usp.br
Institutions: Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Trypanosoma cruzi strains show distinctive characteristics as genetic polymorphism and infectivity. Large repertoires of molecules, such as the Gp85 glycoproteins, members of the Gp85/Trans-sialidase superfamily, as well as multiple signaling pathways, are associated with invasion of mammalian cells by the parasite. Due to the large number of expressed members, encoded by more than 700 genes, the research focused on this superfamily conserved sequences is discussed. Binding sites to laminin have been identified at the N-terminus of the Gp85 molecules. Interestingly, the T. cruzi protein phosphorylation profile is changed upon parasite binding to laminin (or fibronectin), particularly the cytoskeletal proteins such as those from the paraflagellar rod and the tubulins, which are both markedly dephosphorylated. Detailed analysis of the signaling cascades triggered upon T. cruzi binding to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins revealed the involvement of the MAPK/ERK pathway in this event. At the C-terminus, the conserved FLY sequence is a cytokeratin-binding domain and is involved in augmented host cell invasion in vitro and high levels of parasitemia in vivo. FLY, which is associated to tissue tropism and preferentially binds to the heart vasculature may somehow be correlated with the severe cardiac form, an important clinical manifestation of chronic Chagas' disease.

Trypanosoma cruzi, variant surface glycoprotein, Gp85 Glycoprotein, Parasite Invasion, tissue tropism, Treg Cell

Structure type: oligomer
Location inside paper: Fig. 7.1, GIPL - Type 1
Trivial name: GIPL - Type 1
Compound class: glycoinositol phospholipid
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_130701,IEDB_136095,IEDB_136104,IEDB_137472,IEDB_140116,IEDB_141181,IEDB_141793,IEDB_141807,IEDB_141829,IEDB_141830,IEDB_141832,IEDB_143632,IEDB_144983,IEDB_151531,IEDB_152206,IEDB_153220,IEDB_190606,IEDB_76933,IEDB_983930,SB_136,SB_191,SB_196,SB_198,SB_44,SB_67,SB_72

Biological activity: Fig. 7.1
Comments, role: review

NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 5693
Show glycosyltransferases

There are 2 chemically distinct structures. Please, select:

CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[1*]OP(=O)(O)O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]1O[C@H](COP(=O)(O)CCN)[C@@H](O[C@H]2O[C@H](CO[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]3O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]4O[C@@H]([C@H](O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]4O)[C@@H]3O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]4O[C@@H]([C@H](O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]4O)[C@@H]3O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]2O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1N

SVG MW SMILES 3D mol Ionize

R1 = xXSphn