Taxonomic group: bacteria / Proteobacteria
(Phylum: Proteobacteria)
Associated disease: infection due to Citrobacter freundii [ICD11:
XN0M3 
]
NCBI PubMed ID: 34286971Publication DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01321Journal NLM ID: 2985134RPublisher: Chem Rev
Correspondence: Antonio Molinaro <molinaro
unina.it>
Institutions: Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy, Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy, Research Center Borstel Leibniz Lung Center, Parkallee 4a, 23845 Borstel, Germany, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Universita 96, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Osaka University Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a crucial constituent of the outer membrane of most Gram-negative bacteria, playing a fundamental role in the protection of bacteria from environmental stress factors, in drug resistance, in pathogenesis, and in symbiosis. During the last decades, LPS has been thoroughly dissected, and massive information on this fascinating biomolecule is now available. In this Review, we will give the reader a third millennium update of the current knowledge of LPS with key information on the inherent peculiar carbohydrate chemistry due to often puzzling sugar residues that are uniquely found on it. Then, we will drive the reader through the complex and multifarious immunological outcomes that any given LPS can raise, which is strictly dependent on its chemical structure. Further, we will argue about issues that still remain unresolved and that would represent the immediate future of LPS research. It is critical to address these points to complete our notions on LPS chemistry, functions, and roles, in turn leading to innovative ways to manipulate the processes involving such a still controversial and intriguing biomolecule.
Lipopolysaccharide, LPS, structure, Pathogenesis, carbohydrate, function, gram negative bacteria
Structure type: polymer chemical repeating unit
Location inside paper: Fig. 10b
Compound class: O-polysaccharide, O-antigen
Comments, role: review
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 546
Show glycosyltransferases
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
Found 
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