Taxonomic group: bacteria / Proteobacteria
(Phylum: Proteobacteria)
Associated disease: infection due to Escherichia coli [ICD11:
XN6P4 
]
The structure was elucidated in this paperNCBI PubMed ID: 36049289Publication DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.08.009Journal NLM ID: 0242543Publisher: Limerick: Elsevier
Correspondence: T. Yamashita <tomoya
med.kobe-u.ac.jp>
Institutions: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan, Division of Epidemiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan, The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Background and aims: Gut microbial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces endotoxemia, an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, no studies have demonstrated how structural differences in each bacterial LPS contribute to endotoxemia. Here, we investigated the effects of different acyl chains in the lipid A moiety of LPS on endotoxemia and the subsequent immune response and atherosclerotic plaque formation. Methods: Apoe-/- mice were intraperitoneally administered 2 mg/kg of Escherichia coli-derived LPS (E. LPS, as a representative of hexa-acylated lipid A), Bacteroides-derived LPS (B. LPS, as a representative of penta- or tetra-acylated lipid A), or saline (control) once a week, six times. An immunohistological assessment was performed on plaque sections. Results: E. LPS administration induced endotoxemia, but B. LPS and saline did not. In E. LPS-treated mice, total plaque areas in the aortic root were significantly increased, and neutrophil accumulation and increased formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were observed at the plaque lesions, but not in B. LPS-treated mice. A single dose of E. LPS significantly increased the accumulation of neutrophils in plaque lesions on day 3, and NET formation on day 7. E. LPS also increased interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) production in plaque lesions on day 7. Furthermore, NET formation and IL-1β production were also observed in human coronary plaques. Conclusions: We identified a previously unknown link between structural differences in LPS and atherosclerosis. Lowering microbial LPS activity may reduce NET formation in plaques and prevent CVD progression.
lipopolysaccharides, lipid A, Bacteroides, atherosclerosis, endotoxemia, IL-1beta, neutrophil extracellular traps
Structure type: oligomer
Location inside paper: Fig. 1A
Compound class: lipid A
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_141807,IEDB_151531,IEDB_176772,IEDB_534864
Methods: statistical analysis, immunofluorescence microscopy, LC-MS/MS, flow cytometry analysis, animal model, human samples, atherosclerotic lesion assessment
Related record ID(s): 9193, 9194
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 562
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There is only one chemically distinct structure:
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