Tsai YH, Grube M, Seeberger PH, Silva DV Glycosylphosphatidylinositols of Protozoan Parasites Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology24(140) (2012)
231-243
?%a-D-Manp-(1-2)-+ /Variants 0/-+ Ste-(1-1)-+
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EtN-(1--P--6)--a-D-Manp-(1-2)-a-D-Manp-(1-6)-a-D-Manp-(1-4)-a-D-GlcpN-(1-6)-L-myoIno-(1--P--3)--Gro
|
Ste-(1-2)-+
/Variants 0/ is:
Pam-(1-2)-
OR (exclusively)
Myr-(1-2)-
Publication DOI:10.4052/tigg.24.231 Journal NLM ID:9425898 Correspondence: daniel.varonmpikg.mpg.de Institutions: Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors are commonly found in all eukaryotic cells. However, compared to mammalian cells, protozoan parasites express about one hundred times more GPI glycolipids per cell. GPIs are commonly employed by the parasites to anchor surface antigens on the extracellular membrane, although not protein-linked or free GPIs can also be found. Parasitic GPIs are believed to regulate the immune response of the host by protozoa. However, a detailed structure function relationship of GPIs has not been established due to the difficulties in obtaining sufficient quantities of homogeneous material. This review summarizes the structures of characterized parasitic GPIs and their roles in triggering host immune responses. We focus on the recent progress in the chemical synthesis of GPI anchors and application of synthetic materials for development of vaccines and glycan arrays.
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