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1. (Article ID: 11277)
 
Gaitan E, Cooksey RC, Legan J, Lindsay RH
Antithyroid effects in vivo and in vitro of vitexin: a C-glucosylflavone in millet
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 80(4) (1995) 1144-1147
 

Millet diets rich in C-glycosylflavones (C-GF) are goitrogenic, and its three most abundant C-GF inhibit in vitro thyroid peroxidase, suggesting that these compounds are the goitrogens in millet. However, proof of a cause and effect relationship between C-GF and goitrogenesis requires a demonstration of in vivo antithyroid activity by the purified isolated compounds. Vitexin, one of the three major C-GF in millet, was used to test this hypothesis. Twenty-four female Wistar rats, divided into groups of six rats each and fed Purina iodine-rich diet (12 μg I-/day*rat), were administered acutely by gastrointestinal tube goitrogen-free water (controls), methimazole (0.5 mumol), and vitexin (20 and 80 μmol). 125I (1 μCi) was injected ip 1 h later, and the rats were killed 2 h after the injection. The thyroid glands were removed and analyzed for their content of total 125I and 125I-labeled compounds. Rats given vitexin, in contrast to those receiving methimazole, did not show suppressed thyroid 125I uptake. However, significant inhibition of the coupling mechanism (high 125I-labeled monoiodotyrosine plus diiodotyrosine/125T3 plus T4 ratio and low 125T3 and T4 concentrations) did occur with the highest dose of vitexin. These results provide direct evidence in vivo of C-GF antithyroid activity, strongly supporting the concept that C-GF are the goitrogens in millet

rats, vitexin, antithyroid effect, 125I

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2. (Article ID: 11278)
 
Prabhakar MC, Bano H, Kumar I, Shamsi MA, Khan MS
Pharmacological investigations on vitexin
Planta Medica 43(4) (1981) 396-403
 

Vitexin (8-β-D-glucopyranosyl-apigenin) (VT), isolated from the flowers of Ochrocarpus longifolius L. and Arnebia hispidissima Dc., exhibited potent hypotensive, anti-inflammatory and anti-spasmodic (nonspecific) properties. Hypotensive effect of VT was attributed to its ganglion-blocking properties and antiinflammatory effects to its anti-histaminic, anti-bradykinin and anti-serotonin properties

anti-inflammatory, flavonoids, vitexin, Ochrocarpus longifolius, Arnebia hispidissima, hypotension

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