The results of studies on the chemical structure and physiological activity of phanerogam polysaccharides, accumulated within the last two decades, are reviewed. Three types of polysaccharides are considered: rhamnogalacturonans (pectins and related gums and mucilages, type A), acidic arabinogalactans (mainly plant mucilages, gums, and some hemicelluloses, type B), and neutral glucans and heteroglycans (reserve polysaccharides, type C). Various physiological activities of these plant polysaccharides are discussed, with particular emphasis being placed on their immunomodulatory action. The data available on the relationship between chemical structure and physiological activity of plant polysaccharides are considered. Information on the medicinal use of some plants containing physiologically active polysaccharides is presented.

полисахариды растений, пектины, арабино-3, 6-галактаны, а-1, 4-глюканы, физиологическая активность, иммуномодуляторы

Journal NLM ID: 7804941
WWW link: http://naukarus.com/polisaharidy-tsvetkovyh-rasteniy-struktura-i-fiziologicheskaya-aktivnost
Publisher: Moskva: Nauka
Correspondence: ovoysiph.komi.ru
Institutions: Институт физиологии Коми НЦ УрО РАН, Сыктывкар, Россия
 

• Compound ID: 28549
  

  a-L-Fucp2Me?Ac-(1-2)-+ | b-L-Araf-(1-2)-a-L-Rhap-(1-2)-a-L-Arap-(1-4)-a-D-Galp-(1-2)-b-AcefA3Ac-(1-3)-b-D-Apif-(1-2)-+ | b-L-Araf-(1-5)-D-3dlyxHepp-ulosaric-(2-3)-+ | | | a-L-Rhap-(1-5)-Kdo-(2-3)-+ | | | | | a-D-GalpA-(1-2)-+ | | | | | | | a-D-Xylp2Me-(1-3)-+ | | | | | | | | | a-D-Galp-(1-2)-b-D-GlcpA-(1-4)-b-L-Fucp-(1-4)-b-L-Rhap-(1-3)-b-D-Apif-(1-2)-+ | | | | | | | | b-D-GalpA-(1-3)-+ | | | | | | | | -4)-a-D-GalpA-(1-4)-a-D-GalpA-(1-4)-a-D-GalpA-(1-4)-a-D-GalpA-(1-4)-a-D-GalpA-(1-4)-a-D-GalpA-(1-4)-a-D-GalpA-(1-4)-a-D-GalpA-(1-

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  Structure type: polymer chemical repeating unit
  
   
  
  Acer pseudoplatanus, Bupleurum falcatum, Arabidopsis thaliana, Malus domestica, Daucus carota, Solanum licopersicum, Beta vulgaris, Raphanus sativus
  CSDB ID 60796 (all data & tools)
• Compound ID: 24800
  

  -4)-a-D-GalpA-(1-2)-a-L-Rhap-(1-

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  Structure type: polymer chemical repeating unit
  Trivial name: rhamnogalactouronan
  Compound class: rhamnogalacturonan
  Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G28839TI, CCSD:50038, CBank-STR:3824
  
   
  
  (plant)
  CSDB ID 60790 (all data & tools)
• Compound ID: 28554
  

  {{{-a-L-Araf-(1-5)-}}}a-L-Araf-(1-3)-b-D-Galp-(1-6)-b-D-Galp-(1-6)-b-D-Galp-(1-6)-+ | -3)-b-D-Galp-(1-

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  Structure type: fragment of a bigger structure
  Compound class: arabinogalactan
  Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G98301IF
  
   
  
  Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Malva verticillata, Saposhnikovia divaricata, Cnidium officinale, Curcuma longa, Paeonia lactiflora, Rehmannia glutinosa, Panax ginseng, Panax notoginseng, Astragalus mongholicus, Astragalus membranaceus, Angelica acutiloba, Alisma orientale, Pinellia ternata, Cinnamomum casia, Eucommia ulmoides, Malva silvestris var. mauritiana
  CSDB ID 61121 (all data & tools)
• Compound ID: 28555
  

  {{{-a-L-Araf-(1-5)-}}}a-L-Araf-(1-3)-a-L-Araf-(1-3)-b-D-Galp-(1-3)-b-D-Galp-(1-3)-b-D-Galp-(1-6)-+ | -3)-b-D-Galp-(1-

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  Structure type: fragment of a bigger structure
  Compound class: arabinogalactan
  Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G88725WB
  
   
  
  Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Malva verticillata, Saposhnikovia divaricata, Cnidium officinale, Curcuma longa, Paeonia lactiflora, Rehmannia glutinosa, Panax ginseng, Panax notoginseng, Astragalus mongholicus, Astragalus membranaceus, Angelica acutiloba, Alisma orientale, Pinellia ternata, Cinnamomum casia, Eucommia ulmoides, Malva silvestris var. mauritiana
  CSDB ID 61923 (all data & tools)
• Compound ID: 28544
  

  a-D-GalpA-(1-4)-+ | -2)-a-L-Rhap-(1-4)-a-D-GalpA-(1-2)-a-L-Rhap-(1-4)-a-D-GalpA-(1-

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  Structure type: polymer chemical repeating unit
  Compound class: rhamnogalacturonan
  Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G51735WN
  
   
  
  Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Bupleurum falcatum, Angelica acutiloba
  CSDB ID 60791 (all data & tools)
• Compound ID: 28545
  

  /Variants 0/-b-D-Galp-(1-4)-b-D-Galp-(1-4)-a-L-Rhap /Variants 0/ is: b-D-Galp-(1-6)- OR (exclusively) a-L-Fucp-(1-2)-

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  Structure type: oligomer
  Compound class: rhamnogalacturonan
  
   
  
  Acer pseudoplatanus
  CSDB ID 60792 (all data & tools)
• Compound ID: 28546
  

  L-Araf-(1-5)-a-L-Araf-(1-2)-a-L-Araf-(1-3)-b-D-Galp-(1-4)-a-L-Rhap

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  Structure type: oligomer
  Compound class: rhamnogalacturonan
  Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G53541ZX
  
   
  
  Acer pseudoplatanus
  CSDB ID 60793 (all data & tools)
• Compound ID: 28547
  

  /Variants 0/-b-D-Galp /Variants 0/ is: b-D-GlcpA4(%)Me-(1-6)- OR (exclusively) b-D-GlcpA-(1-4)-

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  Structure type: fragment of a bigger structure
  Compound class: rhamnogalacturonan
  
   
  
  Acer pseudoplatanus
  CSDB ID 60794 (all data & tools)
• Compound ID: 28548
  

  b-D-GlcpA-(1-4)-b-D-Galp

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  Structure type: fragment of a bigger structure
  Compound class: rhamnogalacturonan
  Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G13941KU
  
   
  
  Acer pseudoplatanus
  CSDB ID 60795 (all data & tools)
• Compound ID: 28556
  

  -4)-a-D-Glcp-(1-

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  Structure type: homopolymer ; 11000-13000
  Trivial name: pinellian G, alisman SI, cnidiran SI
  Compound class: glucan
  Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G05740LL
  
   
  
  Pinellia ternata, Alisma orientale, Cnidium officinale
  CSDB ID 61122 (all data & tools)
• Compound ID: 28550
  

  -4)-a-D-GalpA-(1-4)-{{{-a-D-GalpA-(1-2)-}}}{{{-a-Rhap-(1-2)-}}}/n=0-1/-a-Rhap-(1-

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  Structure type: fragment of a bigger structure
  Trivial name: zosteran
  Compound class: homogalactouronan
  
   
  
  Zosteraceae, Zostera marina, Zostera pacifica, Phyllospadix
  CSDB ID 60797 (all data & tools)
• Compound ID: 28551
  

  Apif-(1-2)-+ Apif-(1-2)-+ Apif-(1-3)-+ | | | -4)-a-D-GalpA-(1-4)-a-D-GalpA-(1-4)-a-D-GalpA-(1- | Apif-(1-3)-+

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  Structure type: fragment of a bigger structure
  Trivial name: zosteran
  Compound class: apiogalactouronan
  
   
  
  Zosteraceae, Zostera marina, Zostera pacifica, Phyllospadix
  CSDB ID 60798 (all data & tools)
• Compound ID: 28552
  

  D-Galp-(1-3)-{{{-D-Galp-(1-3)-}}}+ -4)-a-D-GalpA-(1-2)-+ | | Arap-(1-3)-{{{-D-Galp-(1-3)-}}}D-Galp-(1-6)-a-D-Galp-(1-4)-a-D-GalpA-(1-4)-a-Rhap-(1-4)-a-D-GalpA-(1-2)-a-Rhap-(1-

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  Structure type: fragment of a bigger structure
  Trivial name: zosteran
  Compound class: ramnogalactouronan
  Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G69081HN
  
   
  
  Zosteraceae, Zostera marina, Zostera pacifica, Phyllospadix
  CSDB ID 60799 (all data & tools)
• Compound ID: 28553
  

  /Variants 2/-{{{-Xylp-(1-3)-}}}/n=7/-Xylp-(1-4)-+ | -4)-a-D-GalpA-(1-4)-{{{-a-D-GalpA-(1-4)-}}}a-D-GalpA-(1-2)-a-Rhap-(1-2)-+ | /Variants 0/-{{{-Xylp-(1-3)-}}}Xylp-(1-4)-+ | | | /Variants 1/-{{{-Xylp-(1-3)-}}}Xylp-(1-3)-Xylp-(1-3)-a-Rhap-(1- /Variants 0/ is: Xylp2(%)Me-(1-3)- OR (exclusively) Arap-(1-3)- /Variants 1/ is: Xylp2(%)Me-(1-3)- OR (exclusively) Arap-(1-3)- /Variants 2/ is: Xylp2(%)Me-(1-3)- OR (exclusively) Arap-(1-3)-

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  Structure type: fragment of a bigger structure
  Trivial name: zosteran
  Compound class: xylogalactouronan
  
   
  
  Zosteraceae, Zostera marina, Zostera pacifica, Phyllospadix
  CSDB ID 60800 (all data & tools)