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Taxonomic group: plant / Streptophyta (Phylum: Streptophyta)
Organ / tissue: stolon

Journal NLM ID: 0377775
WWW link: http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/110003630243
Publisher: Pharmaceutical Society Of Japan
Institutions: Kyoritsu College of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan

The controlled Smith degradation and limited hydrolysis of glycyrrhizan GA, a representative polysaccharide with remarkable phagocytosis-enhancing activity isolated from the stolon of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. var. glandulifera REG.et HERD. were carried out. Methylation analyses of the primary and the secondary Smith degradation products and of the limited hydrolysis product indicated that the core structural features of glycyrrhizan GA include a backbone chain composed of β-1,3-linked D-galactose residues. Three-fifths of the galactose units in the backbone carry side chains composed of β-1,3- and β-1,6-linked D-galactosyl residues at position 6. Anti-complementary and alkaline phosphatase-inducing activities of the polysaccharide, periodate oxidation-reduction and the controlled Smith degradation products were investigated, and the controlled Smith degradation product showed significant activity.

polysaccharide structure, Smith degradation, immunological activity, Glycyrrhiza glabra var. glandulifera, licorice, glycyrrhizan GA, limited hydrolysis, anti-complementary activity, alkaline phosphatase-inducing activity

Structure type: polymer chemical repeating unit
Location inside paper: Chart 1, structure a
Trivial name: glycyrrhizan GA
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_136044,IEDB_136907,IEDB_137472,IEDB_141794,IEDB_153201,IEDB_156489,IEDB_156493,IEDB_156494,IEDB_156497,IEDB_190606,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_195,SB_7,SB_88

Methods: gel filtration, acid hydrolysis, Smith degradation, methylation analysis, biological assay, alkaline phosphatase assay
Biological activity: anti-complementary activity, mitogenic activity
Comments, role: possible structural unit of degradation products of glycyrrhizan GA

NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 49827
Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G34648XD, CCSD:24811, CBank-STR:13759
Show glycosyltransferases

There is only one chemically distinct structure:

[*]O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H]([*])O[C@H](CO[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO[C@@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]4O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]4O)[C@H]3O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]3O[C@@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]3O)[C@H]2O)[C@@H]1O

SVG MW SMILES 3D mol Ionize

Structure type: polymer chemical repeating unit
Location inside paper: Chart 1, structure b
Trivial name: glycyrrhizan GA
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_136044,IEDB_137472,IEDB_141794,IEDB_153201,IEDB_156493,IEDB_156494,IEDB_190606,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_195,SB_7,SB_88

Methods: gel filtration, acid hydrolysis, Smith degradation, methylation analysis, biological assay, alkaline phosphatase assay
Biological activity: anti-complementary activity, mitogenic activity
Comments, role: possible structural unit of degradation products of glycyrrhizan GA

NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 49827
Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G27497AX, CCSD:40007, CBank-STR:19202
Show glycosyltransferases

There is only one chemically distinct structure:

[*]O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H]([*])O[C@H](CO[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]3O)[C@H]2O)[C@@H]1O

SVG MW SMILES 3D mol Ionize

Structure type: polymer chemical repeating unit ; -6)bDGalp(1-: n=1-6, n=~2
Location inside paper: Chart 1, structure c
Trivial name: glycyrrhizan GA
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_136044,IEDB_137472,IEDB_141794,IEDB_153201,IEDB_156489,IEDB_156493,IEDB_156494,IEDB_190606,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_195,SB_7,SB_88

Methods: gel filtration, acid hydrolysis, Smith degradation, methylation analysis, biological assay, alkaline phosphatase assay
Biological activity: anti-complementary activity, mitogenic activity
Comments, role: possible structural unit of degradation products of glycyrrhizan GA

NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 49827
Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G45437UN, CCSD:24809, CBank-STR:9836
Show glycosyltransferases

There is only one chemically distinct structure:

[*]O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H]([*])O[C@H](CO[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO[C@@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]3O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)[C@@H]1O

SVG MW SMILES 3D mol Ionize

Structure type: homopolymer
Location inside paper: Chart 1, structure d
Trivial name: glycyrrhizan GA, pinellian PA
Compound class: galactan
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_136044,IEDB_137472,IEDB_141794,IEDB_156494,IEDB_190606,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_195,SB_7,SB_88

Methods: gel filtration, acid hydrolysis, Smith degradation, methylation analysis, biological assay, alkaline phosphatase assay
Biological activity: anti-complementary activity, mitogenic activity
Comments, role: possible structural unit of degradation products of glycyrrhizan GA

NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 49827
Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G94677YD, CCSD:49812, CBank-STR:6489
Show glycosyltransferases

There is only one chemically distinct structure:

[*]O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H]([*])O[C@H](CO)[C@@H]1O

SVG MW SMILES 3D mol Ionize