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1. (CSDB ID: 12043) | report error |
| a-D-Manp-(1-6)-a-D-Manp-(1-4)-+ 3HOMyr-(1-2)-+ | | Subst-(34-31)-Subst1-(1-3)-3HOLau-(1-3)-b-D-GlcpN3N-(1-6)-a-D-GlcpN3N-(1-1)-a-D-GalpA | | LIP25Ac-(1-3)-3HOMyr-(1-2)-+ LIP-(1-3)-+ Subst = 34-carboxyl-bacteriohopane-32,33-diol = SMILES CC(CCC{32}(O){33}C(O){34}C(O)=O)C1C2CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CCC5C(C)(C)CCC[C@]5(C)C4CCC3[C@@]2(C)CC1; Subst1 = 2R,31-dihydroxy dotriacontanoic acid = SMILES C{31}C(O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC{2}[C@@H](O){1}C(O)=O | Show graphically |
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Bradyrhizobium sp. ORS 278
(NCBI TaxID 114615,
species name lookup)
Bradyrhizobium BRADO 4680
(Ancestor NCBI TaxID 374,
species name lookup)
Bradyrhizobium sp. BTAi1
(NCBI TaxID 288000,
species name lookup)
ird.fr>In rhizobium strains, the lipid A is modified by the addition of a very long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) shown to play an important role in rigidification of the outer membrane, thereby facilitating their dual life cycle, outside and inside the plant. In Bradyrhizobium strains, the lipid A is more complex with the presence of at least two VLCFAs, one covalently linked to a hopanoid molecule, but the importance of these modifications is not well-understood. In this study, we identified a cluster of VLCFA genes in the photosynthetic Bradyrhizobium strain ORS278, which nodulates Aeschynomene plants in a Nod factor-independent process. We tried to mutate the different genes of the VLCFA gene cluster to prevent the synthesis of the VLCFAs, but only one mutant in the lpxXL gene encoding an acyltransferase was obtained. Structural analysis of the lipid A showed that LpxXL is involved in the transfer of the C26:25OH VLCFA to the lipid A but not in the one of the C30:29OH VLCFA which harbors the hopanoid molecule. Despite maintaining the second VLCFA, the ability of the mutant to cope with various stresses (low pH, high temperature, high osmolarity, and antimicrobial peptides) and to establish an efficient nitrogen-fixing symbiosis was drastically reduced. In parallel, we investigated whether the BRADO0045 gene, which encodes a putative acyltransferase displaying a weak identity with the apo-lipoprotein N-acyltransferase Lnt, could be involved in the transfer of the C30:29OH VLCFA to the lipid A. Although the mutant exhibited phenotypes similar to the lpxXL mutant, no difference in the lipid A structure was observed from that in the wild-type strain, indicating that this gene is not involved in the modification of lipid A. Our results advance our knowledge of the biosynthesis pathway and the role of VLCFAs-modified lipid A in free-living and symbiotic states of Bradyrhizobium strains.
lipid A, symbiosis, acyltransferase, Bradyrhizobium, Aeschynomene, VLCFA
Structure type: oligomer|
2. (CSDB ID: 12431) | report error |
| a-D-Manp-(1-6)-a-D-Manp-(1-4)-+ 3HOMyr-(1-2)-+ | | Subst-(34-31)-Subst1-(1-3)-3HOLau-(1-3)-b-D-GlcpN3N-(1-6)-a-D-GlcpN3N-(1-1)-a-D-GalpA | | 3HOMyr-(1-2)-+ LIP-(1-3)-+ Subst = 34-carboxyl-bacteriohopane-32,33-diol = SMILES CC(CCC{32}(O){33}C(O){34}C(O)=O)C1C2CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CCC5C(C)(C)CCC[C@]5(C)C4CCC3[C@@]2(C)CC1; Subst1 = 2R,31-dihydroxy dotriacontanoic acid = SMILES C{31}C(O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC{2}[C@@H](O){1}C(O)=O | Show graphically |
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Bradyrhizobium sp. ORS 278 lpxXL
(Ancestor NCBI TaxID 114615,
species name lookup)
ird.fr>In rhizobium strains, the lipid A is modified by the addition of a very long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) shown to play an important role in rigidification of the outer membrane, thereby facilitating their dual life cycle, outside and inside the plant. In Bradyrhizobium strains, the lipid A is more complex with the presence of at least two VLCFAs, one covalently linked to a hopanoid molecule, but the importance of these modifications is not well-understood. In this study, we identified a cluster of VLCFA genes in the photosynthetic Bradyrhizobium strain ORS278, which nodulates Aeschynomene plants in a Nod factor-independent process. We tried to mutate the different genes of the VLCFA gene cluster to prevent the synthesis of the VLCFAs, but only one mutant in the lpxXL gene encoding an acyltransferase was obtained. Structural analysis of the lipid A showed that LpxXL is involved in the transfer of the C26:25OH VLCFA to the lipid A but not in the one of the C30:29OH VLCFA which harbors the hopanoid molecule. Despite maintaining the second VLCFA, the ability of the mutant to cope with various stresses (low pH, high temperature, high osmolarity, and antimicrobial peptides) and to establish an efficient nitrogen-fixing symbiosis was drastically reduced. In parallel, we investigated whether the BRADO0045 gene, which encodes a putative acyltransferase displaying a weak identity with the apo-lipoprotein N-acyltransferase Lnt, could be involved in the transfer of the C30:29OH VLCFA to the lipid A. Although the mutant exhibited phenotypes similar to the lpxXL mutant, no difference in the lipid A structure was observed from that in the wild-type strain, indicating that this gene is not involved in the modification of lipid A. Our results advance our knowledge of the biosynthesis pathway and the role of VLCFAs-modified lipid A in free-living and symbiotic states of Bradyrhizobium strains.
lipid A, symbiosis, acyltransferase, Bradyrhizobium, Aeschynomene, VLCFA
Structure type: oligomer|
3. (CSDB ID: 41787) | report error |
| ?%b-D-Glcp-(1-6)-22%b-D-Glcp-(1-6)-+ | -3)-b-D-Glcp-(1-3)-b-D-Glcp-(1- | Show graphically |
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Botryosphaeria rhodina MAMB-05
(later renamed to: Lasiodiplodia theobromae MAMB-05)
(Ancestor NCBI TaxID 45133,
species name lookup)
uel.br (Aneli M. Barbosa)Biopolymers such as exopolysaccharides (EPS) are produced by microbial species and possess unusual properties known to modify biological responses, among them are antimutagenicity and immunomodulation. Botryosphaeran, a newly described fungal (1 → 3; 1 → 6)-β-D-glucan produced by Botryosphaeria rhodina MAMB-05, was administered by gavage to mice at three doses (7.5, 15 and 30 mg/kg b.w.per day) over 15 days, and found to be non-genotoxic by the micronucleus test in peripheral blood and bone marrow. Botryosphaeran administered at doses of 15 and 30 mg EPS/kg b.w. decreased significantly (p < 0.001) the clastogenic effect of cyclophosphamide-induced micronucleus formation resulting in a reduction of the frequency of micronucleated cells of 78 and 82% in polychromatic erythrocytes of bone marrow, and reticulocytes in peripheral blood, respectively. The protective effect was dose-dependent, and strong anticlastogenic activity was exerted at low EPS doses. Variance analysis (ANOVA) showed no significant differences (p < 0.05) among the median body weights of the groups of mice treated with botryosphaeran during experiments evaluating genotoxic and protective activities of botryosphaeran. This is the first report on the biological activity attributed to botryosphaeran.
mouse, Botryosphaeran, Botryosphaeria rhodina MAMB-05, Cyclophosphamide, Anticlastogenicity, Micronucleus test
Structure type: polymer chemical repeating unit| New query | Export IDs | Home | Help |
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