Show legend Show as text

Structure type: oligomer
Compound class: EPS
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_114704,IEDB_142488,IEDB_146664,IEDB_983931,SB_192

• Article ID: 4972
  Altmann F, Kosma P, O'Callaghan A, Leahy S, Bottacini F, Molloy E, Plattner S, Schiavi E, Gleinser M, Groeger D, Grant R, Rodriguez PN, Healy S, Svehla E, Windwarder M, Hofinger A, O'Connell MM, Akdis CA, Xu J, Roper J, van Sinderen D, O'Mahony L "Genome Analysis and Characterisation of the Exopolysaccharide Produced by Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum 35624" - PLoS One 11(9) (2016) e0162983
  

  The Bifibobacterium longum subsp. longum 35624 strain (formerly named Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis) is a well described probiotic with clinical efficacy in Irritable Bowel Syndrome clinical trials and induces immunoregulatory effects in mice and in humans. This paper presents (a) the genome sequence of the organism allowing the assignment to its correct subspeciation longum; (b) a comparative genome assessment with other B. longum strains and (c) the molecular structure of the 35624 exopolysaccharide (EPS624). Comparative genome analysis of the 35624 strain with other B. longum strains determined that the sub-speciation of the strain is longum and revealed the presence of a 35624-specific gene cluster, predicted to encode the biosynthetic machinery for EPS624. Following isolation and acid treatment of the EPS, its chemical structure was determined using gas and liquid chromatography for sugar constituent and linkage analysis, electrospray and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry for sequencing and NMR. The EPS consists of a branched hexasaccharide repeating unit containing two galactose and two glucose moieties, galacturonic acid and the unusual sugar 6-deoxy-L-talose. These data demonstrate that the B. longum 35624 strain has specific genetic features, one of which leads to the generation of a characteristic exopolysaccharide.

  NMR, structure, gene cluster, exopolysaccharide, 6-deoxy-L-talose, EPS, Bifidobacterium longum, genome analysis

  NCBI PubMed ID: 27656878
  Publication DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162983
  Journal NLM ID: 101285081
  Publisher: San Francisco, CA: Public Library of Science
  Correspondence: liam.omahony@siaf.uzh.ch
  Institutions: University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria, Alimentary Health, Cork, Ireland, Alimentary Health Pharma Davos, Davos, Switzerland, Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, United States of America, APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
  Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, GLC-MS, DNA sequencing, GC-MS, ESI-MS, mild acid hydrolysis, ESI-MS/MS, composition analysis, genetic methods, HPLC, permethylation, bioinformatic analysis, SEC, MALDI-TOF/TOF MS, phylogenetic analysis, PGC-LC-ESI-MS
  
   
  
  Bifidobacterium longum ssp. longum 35624
  CSDB ID 11511 (all data & tools)

Show legend Show as text

Structure type: polymer chemical repeating unit
Compound class: EPS
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_136906,IEDB_137472,IEDB_141794,IEDB_142488,IEDB_144987,IEDB_144998,IEDB_146664,IEDB_151528,IEDB_190606,IEDB_983931,SB_192,SB_31,SB_7

• Article ID: 4972
  Altmann F, Kosma P, O'Callaghan A, Leahy S, Bottacini F, Molloy E, Plattner S, Schiavi E, Gleinser M, Groeger D, Grant R, Rodriguez PN, Healy S, Svehla E, Windwarder M, Hofinger A, O'Connell MM, Akdis CA, Xu J, Roper J, van Sinderen D, O'Mahony L "Genome Analysis and Characterisation of the Exopolysaccharide Produced by Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum 35624" - PLoS One 11(9) (2016) e0162983
  

  The Bifibobacterium longum subsp. longum 35624 strain (formerly named Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis) is a well described probiotic with clinical efficacy in Irritable Bowel Syndrome clinical trials and induces immunoregulatory effects in mice and in humans. This paper presents (a) the genome sequence of the organism allowing the assignment to its correct subspeciation longum; (b) a comparative genome assessment with other B. longum strains and (c) the molecular structure of the 35624 exopolysaccharide (EPS624). Comparative genome analysis of the 35624 strain with other B. longum strains determined that the sub-speciation of the strain is longum and revealed the presence of a 35624-specific gene cluster, predicted to encode the biosynthetic machinery for EPS624. Following isolation and acid treatment of the EPS, its chemical structure was determined using gas and liquid chromatography for sugar constituent and linkage analysis, electrospray and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry for sequencing and NMR. The EPS consists of a branched hexasaccharide repeating unit containing two galactose and two glucose moieties, galacturonic acid and the unusual sugar 6-deoxy-L-talose. These data demonstrate that the B. longum 35624 strain has specific genetic features, one of which leads to the generation of a characteristic exopolysaccharide.

  NMR, structure, gene cluster, exopolysaccharide, 6-deoxy-L-talose, EPS, Bifidobacterium longum, genome analysis

  NCBI PubMed ID: 27656878
  Publication DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162983
  Journal NLM ID: 101285081
  Publisher: San Francisco, CA: Public Library of Science
  Correspondence: liam.omahony@siaf.uzh.ch
  Institutions: University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria, Alimentary Health, Cork, Ireland, Alimentary Health Pharma Davos, Davos, Switzerland, Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, United States of America, APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
  Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, GLC-MS, DNA sequencing, GC-MS, ESI-MS, mild acid hydrolysis, ESI-MS/MS, composition analysis, genetic methods, HPLC, permethylation, bioinformatic analysis, SEC, MALDI-TOF/TOF MS, phylogenetic analysis, PGC-LC-ESI-MS
  
   
  
  Bifidobacterium longum ssp. longum 35624
  CSDB ID 11848 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 5791
  Knirel YA, Van Calsteren M "Bacterial exopolysaccharides" - Book: Comprehensive Glycoscience: From Chemistry to Systems Biology. Reference Module in Chemistry, Molecular Sciences and Chemical Engineering (2021) 1-75
  

  Bacterial extracellular polysaccharides are known as a cell-bound capsule, a sheath, or a slime, which is excreted into the environment. They play an important role in virulence of medical bacteria and plant-to-symbiont interaction and are used for serotyping of bacteria and production of vaccines. Some exopolysaccharides have commercial applications in industry, and claims of health benefits have been documented for an increasing number of them. Exopolysaccharides have diverse composition and structure, and some contain sugar and non-sugar components that are found in bacterial carbohydrates only. The present article provides an updated collection of the data on exopolysaccharides of various classes of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria reported until the end of 2019. When known, biosynthesis pathways of exopolysaccharides are treated in a summary manner. References are made to structure and biosynthesis relatedness between exopolysaccharides of different bacterial taxa as well as between bacterial polysaccharides and mammalian glycosaminoglycans.

  polysaccharide structure, Gram-negative bacteria, capsule, Biofilm, polysaccharide biosynthesis, gram-positive bacteria, Monosaccharide composition, Bacterial exopolysaccharide, non-sugar component

  Publication DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-819475-1.00005-5
  Publisher: Elsevier
  Correspondence: marie-rose.vancalsteren@canada.ca; yknirel@gmail.com
  Editors: Barchi J, Kamerling H
  Institutions: N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Saint-Hyacinthe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
  
   
  
  Bifidobacterium longum ssp. longum 35624
  CSDB ID 25103 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 5832
  Pyclik M, Srutkova D, Schwarzer M, Gorska S "Bifidobacteria cell wall-derived exo-polysaccharides, lipoteichoic acids, peptidoglycans, polar lipids and proteins - their chemical structure and biological attributes" - International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 147 (2020) 333-349
  

  A variety of health benefits has been documented to be associated with the consumption of probiotic bacteria, namely bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. Thanks to the scientific advances in recent years we are beginning to understand the molecular mechanisms by which bacteria in general and probiotic bacteria in particular act as host physiology and immune system modulators. More recently, the focus has shifted from live bacteria towards bacteria-derived defined molecules, so called postbiotics. These molecules may represent safer alternative compared to the live bacteria while retaining the desired effects on the host. The excellent source of effector macromolecules is the bacterial envelope. It contains compounds that are pivotal in the adhesion phenomenon, provide direct bacteria-to-host signaling capacity and the associated physiological impact and immunomodulatory properties of bacteria. Here we comprehensively review the structure and biological role of Bifidobacterium surface and cell wall molecules: exopolysaccharides, cell wall polysaccharides, lipoteichoic acids, polar lipids, peptidoglycans and proteins. We discuss their involvement in direct signaling to the host cells and their described immunomodulatory effects.

  exopolysaccharide, Bacterial antigens, Bifidobacterium, peptidoglycan, lipoteichoic acid, probiotics

  NCBI PubMed ID: 31899242
  Publication DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.227
  Journal NLM ID: 7909578
  Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
  Correspondence: schwarzer@biomed.cas.cz; sabina.gorska@hirszfeld.pl
  Institutions: Laboratory of Microbiome Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland, Laboratory of Gnotobiology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Novy Hradek, Czech Republic
  
   
  
  Bifidobacterium longum ssp. longum 35624
  CSDB ID 6482 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 6267
  Li J, Yu L, Zhao J, Tian F, Chen W, Zhai Q "Capsular polysaccarides of probiotics and their immunomodulatory roles" - Food Science and Human Wellness 11(5) (2022) 1111-1120
  

  Studies have determined the immunomodulatory activities of cell-surface polysaccharides of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and Bacteroides; however, the mechanisms, synthesis, regulation, structure, and functional links have not been systematically discussed. We first introduce the structure of the capsular polysaccharides (CPSs) of commonly studied probiotics and Bacteroides. Wzx-Wzy dependent and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter-dependent pathways are the two main biosynthesis and secretion of CPS pathways. The genes known to be associated with these two pathways are mainly those associated with priming glycosyltransferase (pGT); a variable number of genes encoding for different glycosyl transferases (GTs); Wzx/Wzy-encoding enzymes related to flippases and polymerases; and ABC-transporter genes. In addition, the effects of CPSs on host immunity as well as their related underlying mechanisms are described. Surface polysaccharides on probiotics can serve as a mask to aid in their escape from attacks from the host's immune system. In turn, they also exhibit immunomodulatory activities, such as strengthening the functions of macrophages, promoting the maturation of antigen-presenting cells, and inducing regulatory T cells. All of these effects of cell-surface polysaccharides exhibit their significant protective properties in immunocompromised diseases, such as colitis, arthritis, and dermatitis. Finally, we focused on their structure and functional links.

  capsular polysaccharide, Bacteroides, immunomodulation, probiotics

  Publication DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.04.003
  Journal NLM ID: 101610174
  Publisher: China: China Food Publishing Company
  Correspondence: Q. Zhai
  Institutions: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
  
   
  
  Bifidobacterium longum ssp. longum 35624
  CSDB ID 8500 (all data & tools)