The exopolymer (EPSp) produced by the strain B. licheniformis IDN-EC was isolated and characterized using different techniques (MALDI-TOF, NMR, ATR-FTIR, TGA, DSC, SEM). The results showed that the low molecular weight EPSp contained a long polyglutamic acid and an extracellular teichoic acid polysaccharide. The latter was composed of poly(glycerol phosphate) and was substituted at the 2-position of the glycerol residues with a αGal and αGlcNH2. The αGal O-6 position was also found to be substituted by a phosphate group. The antiviral capability of this EPSp was also tested on both enveloped (herpesviruses HSV, PRV and vesicular stomatitis VSV) and non-enveloped (MVM) viruses. The EPSp was efficient at inhibiting viral entry for the herpesviruses and VSV but was not effective against non-enveloped viruses. The in vivo assay of the EPSp in mice showed no signs of toxicity which could allow for its application in the healthcare sector.
teichoic acids, Bacillus licheniformis, Antiviral, Enveloped viruses, Poly(gamma-glutamic acid)
NCBI PubMed ID: 32919551Publication DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116737Journal NLM ID: 8307156Publisher: Elsevier
Correspondence: C. Abrusci
Institutions: Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, UAM, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance-BRTA, Parque Cientifico Tecnológico de Bizkaia, 48160, Derio, Biscay, Spain, Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009, Bilbao, Biscay, Spain
Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, NMR-2D, sugar analysis, 31P NMR, MALDI-TOF MS, HPLC, SEM, TGA, DSC, ATR-FTIR, antiviral assay, HPLC-MS/MS
Found