Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a cell surface component of Gram-negative bacteria, and its active principle, lipid A, have immunostimulatory properties and thus potential to act as adjuvants. However, canonical LPS acts as an endotoxin by hyperstimulating the immune response. Therefore, it is necessary to structurally modify LPS and lipid A to minimize toxicity while maintaining adjuvant effects for use as vaccine adjuvants. Various studies have focused on the chemical synthetic method of lipid As and their structure-activity relationship, which are reviewed in this chapter.
Lipopolysaccharide, lipid A, adjuvant, innate immunity, Alcaligenes faecalis, symbiotic bacteria
NCBI PubMed ID: 36587069Publication DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2910-9_4Journal NLM ID: 9214969Publisher: Springer
Correspondence: A. Shimoyama
Institutions: Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
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