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Structure type: polymer chemical repeating unit
Trivial name: side chains F1SS
Compound class: cell wall polysaccharide, galactan
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_136095,IEDB_137472,IEDB_149176,IEDB_190606,IEDB_885812

• Article ID: 5306
  Marino C, Rinflerch A, de Lederkremer RM "Galactofuranose antigens, a target for diagnosis of fungal infections in humans" - Future Science OA 3(3) (2017) FSO199
  

  The use of biomarkers for the detection of fungal infections is of interest to complement histopathological and culture methods. Since the production of antibodies in immunocompromised patients is scarce, detection of a specific antigen could be effective for early diagnosis. D-Galactofuranose (Galf) is the antigenic epitope in glycoconjugates of several pathogenic fungi. Since Galf is not biosynthesized by mammals, it is an attractive candidate for diagnosis of infection. A monoclonal antibody that recognizes Galf is commercialized for detection of aspergillosis. The linkage of Galf in the natural glycans and the chemical structures of the synthesized Galf-containing oligosaccharides are described in this paper. The oligosaccharides could be used for the synthesis of artificial carbohydrate-based antigens, not enough exploited for diagnosis.

  galactofuranose, immune response, diagnosis, biomarkers, fungal infections, synthetic haptens

  NCBI PubMed ID: 28883999
  Publication DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2017-0030
  Journal NLM ID: 101665030
  Publisher: London: Future Science Group
  Correspondence: Marino C ; de Lederkremer RM
  Institutions: Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Servicio de Dermatología, Dermatología Experimental, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  
   
  
  Neosartorya stramenia
  CSDB ID 43121 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 6843
  Corsaro MM, De Castro C, Evidente A, Lanzetta R, Molinaro A, Mugnai L, Parrilli M, Surico G "Chemical structure of two phytotoxic exopolysaccharides produced by Phomopsis foeniculi" - Carbohydrate Research 308(3-4) (1998) 349-357
  

  The two main exocellular polysaccharides produced in vitro by Phomopsis foeniculi, a fungal pathogen of fennel, were isolated and characterized by chemical and spectroscopic methods as a galactan with the known structure [→6)-β-D-Galf-(1→5)-β-D- Galf-(1→5)-β-D-Galf-(1→]n and a mannan. The latter consists of a backbone of α-(1→6)-linked mannopyranose units. Almost all of these are branched at the 2 position with arms containing 2- and 3-linked mannopyranose units. The crude polysaccharide fraction and its components, galactan and mannan, showed phytotoxic effects, i.e. chlorosis, necrosis and/or wilting, on fennel and on two non-host plants, tobacco and tomato.

  structure, exopolysaccharide, exopolysaccharides, chemical, chemical structure, mannan, Galactan, phytotoxicity, fungi, Phomopsis foeniculi

  NCBI PubMed ID: 9711828
  Journal NLM ID: 0043535
  Publisher: Elsevier
  Institutions: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimico-Agrarie, Universita di Napoli Federico II, via Universita 100, I-80055 Portici, Italy, Istituto di Patologia e Zoologia Forestale e Agraria, Universita di Firenze, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Firenze, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Biologica, UniversitaA di Napoli Federico II, via Mezzocannone 16, I-80134 Napoli, Italy, DDipartimento di Chimica Organica e Biologica, Università di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
  Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, methylation, GLC-MS, FAB-MS, NMR, sugar analysis, 31P NMR, acid hydrolysis, GLC, HPLC, acetolysis, methylation analysis, bioassay
  
   
  
  Phomopsis foeniculi
  CSDB ID 40598 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 7040
  Gomez-Miranda B, Prieto A, Leal JA, Ahrazem O, Jiménez-Barbero J, Bernabé M "Differences among the cell wall galactomannans from Aspergillus wentii and Chaetosartorya chrysella and that of Aspergillus fumigatus" - Glycoconjugate Journal 20(4) (2003) 239-246
  

  The alkali extractable and water-soluble cell wall polysaccharides F1SS from Aspergillus wentii and Chaetosartorya chrysella have been studied by methylation analysis, 1D- and 2D-NMR, and MALDI-TOF analysis. Their structures are almost identical, corresponding to the following repeating unit: [→3)-β-D-Galf-(1→5)-β-D-Galf-(1→](n)→mannan core. The structure of this galactofuranose side chain differs from that found in the pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, in other Aspergillii and members of Trichocomaceae: [→5)-β-D-Galf-(1→](n)→mannan core. The mannan cores have also been investigated, and are constituted by a (1→6)-α-mannan backbone, substituted at positions 2 by chains from 1 to 7 residues of (1→2) linked α-mannopyranoses.

  NMR spectroscopy, polysaccharides, Aspergillus, fungi, Chaetosartorya

  NCBI PubMed ID: 15115908
  Publication DOI: 10.1023/B:GLYC.0000025818.83019.e4
  Journal NLM ID: 8603310
  Publisher: Kluwer Academic Publishers
  Correspondence: Manuel Bernabé
  Institutions: Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Velázquez 144, 28006-Madrid, Spain, Departamento de Química Orgánica Biológica, Instituto de Química Orgánica, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
  Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, methylation, NMR-2D, partial acid hydrolysis, GC-MS, sugar analysis, acid hydrolysis, GLC, MALDI-TOF MS, acetolysis, reductive cleavage, alkaline extraction
  
   
  
  Aspergillus fumigatus CBS 113.26
  CSDB ID 41383 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 7728
  Leal JA, Jiménez-Barbero J, Gomez-Miranda B, Parra E, Prieto A, Bernabé M "Structural investigation of cell-wall polysaccharides from Neosartorya: relationships with their putative anamorphs of Aspergillus" - Carbohydrate Research 273(2) (1995) 255-262
  

  NMR spectroscopy, polysaccharides, Aspergillus, fungi, Neosartorya

  NCBI PubMed ID: 8565009
  Publication DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(95)00085-8
  Journal NLM ID: 0043535
  Publisher: Elsevier
  Institutions: Grupo de Carbohidratos, Instituto de Química Orgánica, CSIC, Madrid, Spain, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
  Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, acid hydrolysis, GLC, acetylation, TOCSY, methylation analysis, DQF-COSY, HMQC, NOESY
  
   
  
  Neosartorya stramenia CBS 498.65
  CSDB ID 44526 (all data & tools)