|
Show legend Show as text |
Found 1 structure.
Displayed structure 1
| b-D-Glcp-(1-3)-Subst Subst = β-sitosterol = SMILES O{3}[C@H](C1)CC[C@@]2(C)C1=CC[C@]3([H])[C@@]2([H])CC[C@@]4(C)[C@]3([H])CC[C@]4([C@@H](C)CC[C@@H](CC)C(C)C)[H] | Show graphically |
|
Show legend Show as text |
Structure type: monomer
Trivial name: daucosterol, β-daucosterol, β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol-β-D-glucoside, androsine, saxifragifolin B, β-sitosterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
Compound class: saponin glycoside, glycoside, steroid glycoside, triterpenoid glycoside
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_142488,IEDB_146664,IEDB_983931,SB_192
An endophytic fungus Aspergillus terreus, var. boedijnii (Blochwitz) was isolated from red marine alga Laurencia ceylanica, J. Agardh, cultured in large scale and extracted with EtOAc. The above-mentioned extract yielded a new butyrolactone, 3-hydroxy-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-methoxycarbonyl-5-(4-hydroxy-3-formylbenzyl)-2,5-dihydro-2-furanone (1), along with the previously reported nine compounds, butyrolactone-1 (2), 6-hydroxymellin (3), (3R, 4R)-6,7-dimethoxy-4-hydroxymellin (4), (+)-territonin (5), (+)-territonin-A (6), (+)-asterrelenin (7), (+)-terrein (8), oleic acid (9) and glucopyranosyl-β-sitosterol (10), on column and preparative thin-layer chromatography. Compounds 1-8 were subjected to β-glucuronidase inhibitory activity test, and 1 showed a remarkable activity, while 2 and 7 showed moderate activity.
β-glucuronidase, Aspergillus terreus, Laurencia ceylanica, butyrolactone, 3-hydroxy-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-methoxycarbonyl-5-(4-hydroxy-3-formylbenzyl)-2, 5-dihydro-2-furanone
NCBI PubMed ID: 22913423The isolation and characterization of rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR) inhibitors from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma applanatum were conducted. Among the extracts and fractions from G. applanatum tested, the MeOH extract and EtOAc fraction were found to exhibit potent RLAR inhibition in vitro, their IC50 being 1.7 and 0.8 μg/ml, respectively. From the active EtOAc fraction, seven compounds with diverse structural moieties were isolated and identified as D-mannitol (1), 2-methoxyfatty acids (2), cerebrosides (3), daucosterol (4), 2,5-dihydroxyacetophenone (5), 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (6), and protocatechualdehyde (7). Among them, protocatechualdehyde (7) was found to be the most potent RLAR inhibitor (IC50=0.7 μg/ml), and may be useful for the prevention and/or treatment of diabetic complications
Polyporaceae, Ganoderma applanatum, protocatechualdehyde, aldose reductase activity, diabetic complication
NCBI PubMed ID: 15930755Cultivation of the endophytic fungus Penicillium commune, which was isolated from the semi-mangrove plant Hibiscus tiliaceus, afforded one new compound 1-O-(2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoyl)-glycerol (1) along with thirteen known products, including 1-O-acetylglycerol (2), N-acetyltryptophan (3), 3-indolylacetic acid methyl ester (4), 1-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)ethanone (5), 2-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid (6), (4R,5S)-5-hydroxyhexan-4-olide (7), thymidine (8), uracil (9), thymine (10), ergosterol (11), β-sitosterol (12), β-daucosterol (13), and ergosta-7,22-dien-3β,5α,6β-triol (14). The structures of these compounds were established by detailed NMR spectroscopic analysis, as well as by comparison with literature data or with authentic samples
ergosterol, Hibiscus tiliaceus, endophytic fungus, nucleosides, Penicillium commune G2M
NCBI PubMed ID: 20657476The endophytic fungus Fusarium equiseti was isolated from the brown alga Padina pavonica, collected from the Red Sea. The fungus was identified by its morphology and 18S rDNA. Cultivation of this fungal strain in biomalt-peptone medium led to isolation of 12 known metabolites of diketopeprazines and anthraquinones. The organic extract and isolated compounds were screened for their inhibition of hepatitis C virus NS3/4A protease (HCV PR). As a result, the fungal metabolites showed inhibition of HCV protease (IC50 from 19 to 77 μM), and the fungus was subjected to culture on Czapek's (Cz) media, with a yield of nine metabolites with potent HCV protease inhibition ranging from IC50 10 to 37 μM. The Cz culture extract exhibited high-level inhibition of HCV protease (IC50 27.6 μg/mL) compared to the biomalt culture extract (IC50 56 μg/mL), and the most potent HCV PR isolated compound (Griseoxanthone C, IC50 19.8 μM) from the bio-malt culture extract showed less of an inhibitory effect compared to isolated ω-hydroxyemodin (IC50 10.7 μM) from the optimized Cz culture extract. Both HCV PR active inhibitors ω-hydroxyemodin and griseoxanthone C were considered as the lowest selective safe constituents against Trypsin inhibitory effect with IC50 48.5 and 51.3 μM, respectively.
Fusarium equiseti, HCV protease, Padina pavonica, Red Sea, brown alga
NCBI PubMed ID: 27775589A soft coral-derived fungus Penicillium sp. among other isolates e high antibacterial, anti-yeast and cytotoxic activities. The fungus, Penicillium sp. MMA, isolated from Sarcphyton glaucoma, afforded nine diverse compounds (1-9). Their structures were identified by 1D and 2 D NMR and ESI-MS spectroscopic data as two alkaloids: veridicatol (1), aurantiomide C (2); one sesquiterpene, aspterric acid (3); two carboxylic acids, 3,4-dihydroxy-benzoic acid; (4) and linoleic acid (5); three steroids, ergosterol (6), β-Sitosterol (7), β-Sitosterol glucoside (8) along with the sphingolipid, cerebroside A (9). Biologically, the antimicrobial, antioxidant, in vitro cytotoxicity and antibiofilm activities were studied in comparison with the fungal extract. The in silico computational studies were implemented to predict drug and lead likeness properties for 1-4. The fungus was taxonomically characterized by morphological and molecular biology (18srRNA) approaches.
cytotoxicity, antibiofilm, marine-derived fungus, alkaloids, sesquiterpene, Penicillium sp. MMA
NCBI PubMed ID: 32476047From a methanolic extract of fresh leaves of Ficus pumila LINN (Moraceae), a new tocopherol-related compound has been isolated together,vith alpha-tocopherol, and its structure determined by spectral methods. Along with these compounds, two known sterols, fifteen known triterpenoids and five known flavonoid glycosides were identified as constituents.
triterpenoid, flavonoid glycoside, Ficus pumila leaf, Moraceae, alpha-tocopherol-related compound
Publication DOI: 10.1248/cpb.46.1647A novel glycoside (4S*,5R*)-4-[(9Z)-2,13-di-(O-2b-D-glucopyranosyl)- 5,9,10-trimethyl-8-oxo-9-tetradecene-5-yl]-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanone, namely stenopaluside, and a new cerebroside, 1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl- (2S*,3R*,4E,8Z)-2-N-[(2R)-hydroxytetracosanoyl]octadecasphinga-4,8-dienine, were isolated from the leaves of Stenochlaena palustris, along with four known natural products, 3-oxo-4,5-dihydro-α-ionyl β-D-glucopyranoside, 3- formylindole, lutein, and β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside. The structures of the isolates were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods.
glycoside, cerebroside, leaves, Pteridaceae, Stenochlaena palustris, stenopaluside, 3-oxo-4, 5-dihydro-a-ionyl b-D-glucopyranoside, 3-formylindole
Publication DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00352-5A denitro-aristolochic acid derivative, aristofolin-A, together with ten known compounds, were isolated from the fresh flowers of Aristolochia kaempferi. The structures of these compounds were determined by spectral analysis.
amino acid, flavonoid, flowers, A. liukiunesis, Aristolochia kaempferi, Aristolochiaceae, denitro aristolochic acid
Publication DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00223-4A new triterpene glycoside, 2α,3β,19α-trihydroxyurs-12-ene-23,28- dioic acid-28-O-(6'-O-methyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl) ester and a new triterpene derivative, 24-O-butyl-2α,3β,19α,24-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid, together with six known compounds, have been isolated from the aerial parts of Rubus pungens Camb. var oldhamii. The structures of these compounds were established mainly by spectroscopic methods.
rosaceae, pentacyclic triterpene, ursane glycosyl esters, methylglucoside, Rubus pungens
Publication DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(97)01057-1Androsin, β-sitosteryl glucoside and a new lignan glycoside named schizandriside were isolated from the woody part of Schizandra nigra MAX., in addition to schizandronic acid, schizandrolic acid, schizandronol, oplodiol and (+)-catechin-7-β-D-glucopyranoside. Schizandriside (I) was shown to be (+)-isolariciresinol-2α-β-D-xylopyranoside on the basis of spectral and chemical data.
13C NMR, lignan glycoside, (+)-isolariciresinol xyloside, Schizandra nigra Max., Magnoliaceae, schizandriside
Publication DOI: 10.1248/cpb.27.1422Saxifragifolins A and B, two new triterpenoid tetrasaccharides isolated from the aerial part of Androsace saxifragifolia, were respectively shown to be androsacenol-3-O-{β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)]-α-L-arabinopyranoside}(1) and cyclamiretin A 3-O-{β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)]-α-L-arabinopyranoside}(2). The structural details were elucidated by a combination of fast-atom-bombardment mass spectrometry, chemical degradation, and one- and two-dimensional n.m.r. spectroscopy.
tetrasaccharide, triterpenoid, Androsace saxifragifolia
Publication DOI: 10.1039/P19860001527The methanolic extract from sweetclover, Melilotus messanensis, afforded the new coumestan melimessanol A, the 3-arylcoumarin melimessanol B and the 2-arylbenzofuran melimessanol C, which where identified on the basis of spectroscopic methods. The known isoflavones formononetin and cyclosin, the isoflavanone vestitone, the flavanone liquiritigenin, the pterocarpans (3R,4R)-medicarpin, 3-hydroxymedicarpin and melilotocarpane B, the coumestans coumestrol, 4'-O-methylcoumestrol and 7-hydroxy-4',5'-dimethoxycoumestan, the 3-arylcoumarin 3-(4'-methoxy-2'-hydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxycoumarin, the lignan pinoresinol, 3-hydroxycoumarin and the simple phenolics p-coumaric acid, vanillic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, a diterpene, two loliolides, a cyclitol and two saponins have been also isolated and spectroscopically identified. Cyclosin, vestitone, 4'-O-methylcoumestrol, 7-hydroxy-4',5'-dimethoxycoumestan,3-(4'-methoxy-2'-hydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxycoumarin and 3-hydroxycoumarin are first reported in the genus Melilotus. The effects of a series of aqueous solutions from 10-4-10-9 M of twelve phenolics, two loliolides, a diterpene and a cyclitol on germination and growth of the dicotyledons Lactuca sativa cvs. Roman and Nigra and Lycopersicum esculentum and the monocotyledons Allium cepa and Hordeum vulgare, have been studied. The isoflavones formononetin and cyclosin and the pterocarpan medicarpin have been found to inhibit principally A. cepa germination.
phenolics, coumarins, flavonoids, Leguminosae, lignan, allelopathy, Melilotus messanensis, sweetclover, melimessanols A-C, diterpenesaponinscyclitolloliolides
Publication DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00453-1In addition to the plant sterols β-sitosterol and daucosterol, a new bisabolane-typed sesquiterpene glycoside and three bioactive compounds (artemetin, geniposide and 6β-hydroxygeniposide) were characterized from the whole plant of Biebersteinia heterostemon endemic to the Tibetan area. The structure determination of the novel glycoside and identification of the known phytochemicals were accomplished by a combination of modern spectroscopic methods. Tests of all isolates for the antimicrobial activity indicated that the new sesquiterpene glycoside exhibited pronounced antibacterial activities against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas sp. with MICs at 50, 50 and 70 μg/ml, respectively.
antibacterial activity, Geraniaceae, Iridoids, Biebersteinia heterostemon, monoterpenes, (-)-anymol glycoside
Publication DOI: 10.1080/00387019909350045In addition to the known soyasaponin I, 3-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-galactopyranosyl(1→2-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-22-O-[β-D-glucuronopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]soyasapogenol B, soyasaponin II, 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl sitosterol, 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl stigmasterol and 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]oct-1-ene-3-ol, the new saponin, 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-galactopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-22-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl soyasapogenol B (2) was isolated and characterised from the seed saponins fraction of Trifolium resupinatum. The structural determination is based on spectroscopic methods (including DQF-COSY, HETCOR, TOCSY, ROESY and NOEs experiments).
glycosides, saponins, Leguminosae, clover seeds, Persian clover, Trifolium resupinatum
Publication DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00192-2From the leaves of Lafoensia glyptocarpa Koehne (Lytraceae) was isolated a triterpenoid saponin, 3β-O-β-L-arabnopyranosylolean-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester, along with the known compound 3β-O-β-D-glucopyranosylsitosterol. The structures of both compounds were elucidated with spectral data of the natural products and their acetyl derivatives, including 2D NMR spectroscopic experiments.
triterpene saponin, spectral data, Lafoensia glyptocarpa, Lytraceae
Publication DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00311-8Xanthine oxidase is a key enzyme associated with the incidence of hyperuricemia-related disorders. Repeated chromatography of the enzyme inhibitory part of the water extract of the twigs and leaves of Brandisia hancei (Scrophulariaceae) gave a flavone luteolin, an iridoid glycoside mussaenoside, two β-sitosterol glycosides daucosterol and β-sitosterol gentiobioside, and five phenylethanoids arenarioside, brandioside, acteoside, 2'-O-acetylacteoside and isoacteoside. Luteolin and isoacteoside inhibited the xanthine oxidase (XO, EC 1.2.3.2) with the IC50 values at 7.83 and 45.48 μM, respectively. Isoacteoside was found to be the first phenylethanoid that decreased substantially the formation of uric acid by inhibiting competitively xanthine oxidase (K(i) value: 10.08 μM). Furthermore, the study suggested that the caffeoylation of the 6'-hydroxyl group of the phenylethanoids was essential for the enzyme inhibitory action.
inhibitor, Brandisia hancei, xanthine oxidase
NCBI PubMed ID: 10630118From the aerial parts of Zygophyllum simplex a new glycoside was isolated and identified as 6"-(2-E-butenoyl) isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside in addition to the known compounds: isorhamnetin, isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside, kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside, sitosterol glucoside and quinovic acid 3-α-L-rhamnoside. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by spectral analysis.
flavonoids, flavonol glycosides, Zygophyllaceae, aerial parts, Zygophyllum simplex, isorhamnetin 3-glucoside, 2-butenoate ester
Publication DOI: 10.1016/0031-9422(92)83503-QBioassay-directed chromatographic separation of the ethyl acetate extract of the whole plant of Psittacanthus cucullaris afforded a new phenolic xyloside, ellagic acid-4-O-β-xyloside-3,3',4'-trimethyl ether (1) together with four known compounds, ellagic acid-4-O-β-xyloside-3,3'-dimethyl ether (2), gallic acid, β-sitosterol, and β-sitosterol β-D-glucoside. The structure of the new compound was determined by spectroscopic methods. Like other β-D-xylosides, compounds 1 and 2 stimulated the formation of glycosaminoglycan chains when fed to the cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells.
Psittacanthus cucullaris, phenolic xyloside, glycoside primer
NCBI PubMed ID: 10425137Yew trees, taxonomically classified under the genus Taxus, are sources of a number of physiologically active compounds of different classes. Taxane derivatives with various carbon skeletons, lignans, flavonoids, steroids and sugar derivatives have been isolated from different Taxus species. Compounds isolated from the genus Taxus between 1908 and December 1997 have been comprehensively reviewed.
steroids, yew, flavonoids, lignans, Taxus, Taxaceae, taxanes, abeotaxanes, taxoids, nontaxoidic isoprenoids, sugar derivatives, T. baccata, T. brevifolia, T. caradensis, T. chinensis, T. cuspidata, T. floridana, T. mairei, T. media, T. wallichiana, T. yunnanensis
NCBI PubMed ID: 10326254The structure, properties, distribution in nature, and biological activity of sterol glycosides and acylgylcosides are reviewed.
biological activity, sterol glycoside, acylgylcoside
Publication DOI: 10.1007/BF02323277The ethanolic extract from the stem bark of Dimocarpus fumatus, showed in vitro cytotoxic activity against KB cells. Fractionation of the extract gave compounds belonging to different classes. The two major components have been identified as a benzoquinone, sargaquinone, and a chromene, sargaol. One sphingolipid, soyacerebroside I, two glycosides of sitosterol, and fatty acids were also identified. Besides these known compounds, two new glycosides of long-chain fatty alcohols have been identified as 1-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]hexadecanol and 1-O-[[α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→3)]-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl] hexadecanol, and a mixture of three new diacylglycerylglucosides has been isolated. These structures were elucidated by analysis of 2D-NMR and mass spectra.
cytotoxicity, stem bark, Sapindaceae, Dimocarpus fumatus, hexadecanol glycosides, diacylglycerylglucoside, benzoquinone, chromene
NCBI PubMed ID: 9891934Hepatoprotective effect of MeOH, MeOH-H2O (1:1) and H2O extracts of Combretum quadrangulare seeds were examined on D-galactosamine (D-GalN)/tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)-induced cell death in primary cultured mouse hepatocytes. The MeOH extract showed the strongest inhibitory effect on D-GalN/TNF-α-induced cell death (IC50, 56.4 μg/ml). Moreover, the MeOH extract also significantly lowered the serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (sGPT) level on D-GalN/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury in mice. Bioguided separation of the MeOH extract led to the isolation of 38 compounds of various classes including triterpene glucosides, lignans and catechin derivatives. Among the isolated triterpene glucosides, lupane-type (1-3; IC50, 63.1, 59.8 and 76.2 μM, respectively) and ursane-type (11, mixture of 12 and 14; IC50, 30.2 and 34.6 μM, respectively) compounds exhibited strong hepatoprotective activity. 1-O-Galloyl-6-O-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy)benzoyl-β-D-glucose (26; IC50, 7.2 μM), methyl gallate (28; IC50, 19.9 μM), and (-)-epicatechin (31; IC50, 71.2 μM) also had a potent hepatoprotective effect on D-GalN/TNF-α-induced cell death in primary cultured mouse hepatocytes.
hepatoprotective effect, catechin, Combretum quadrangulare, triterpene glucoside, Vietnamese medicinal plant, 1-O-Galloyl-6-O-(4-hydroxy-3, 5-dimethoxy)benzoyl-β-D-glucose
NCBI PubMed ID: 11085361Five new triterpene glucosides, quadranosides I-V (1-5), have been isolated from a MeOH extract of the seeds of Combretum quadrangulare, together with 13 known compounds. The structures of compounds 1-5 were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Among the new triterpene glucosides, three compounds (1, 2, 5) showed significant hepatoprotective effects against D-galactosamine (D-GalN)/tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced cell death in primary cultured mouse hepatocytes.
hepatoprotective effect, Combretaceae, Combretum quadrangulare, triterpene glucoside, quadranoside, Vietnamese medicinal plant
NCBI PubMed ID: 10785422The MeOH extract of leaves of Combretum quadrangulare showed significant hepatoprotective effect on D-galactosamine (D-GalN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced experimental liver injury in mice and on D-GalN/tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced cell death in primary cultured mouse hepatocytes. Phytochemical investigation led to the isolation of thirty cycloartane-type triterpenes together with betulinic acid, beta-sitosterol, beta-sitosterol glucoside, 4 flavones (34-37), and 3 flavone C-glucosides (38-40). These compounds showed various potencies of hepatoprotective effect on D-GalN/TNF-α-induced cell death in primary cultured mouse hepatocytes. Quadrangularol B (29), methyl quadrangularate I (33), kamatakenin (34), 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxyflavone (35), 5,4'-dihydroxy-3,7,3'-trimethoxyflavone (36) and isokaempferide (37) showed strong inhibitory effect on TNF-α-induced cell death with IC50 values of 34.3, 33.7, 13.3, 22.4, 13.4 and 22.8 μM, respectively, whereas clinically-used silibinin had an IC50 value of 39.6 microM and glycyrrhizin showed very weak inhibitory effect. Methyl quadrangularates A (30) and N (32), norquadrangularic acid B (31) and vitexin (40) also showed potent inhibition on TNF-α-induced cell death with IC50 values of 45.7, 89.3, 67.6 and 40.1 μM, respectively. The flavonoids and some of the cycloartane-type triterpenes appeared to be the hepatoprotective principles of the leaves of C. quadrangulare.
flavone, flavone C-glycoside, hepatoprotective effect, Combretum quadrangulare, cycloartane-type triterpene
NCBI PubMed ID: 10784427Phytochemical studies on the leaves of Eucalyptus camaldulensis var. obtusa have resulted in the isolation of a new triterpenoid camaldulin (3β-formyloxyurs-11-en-28,13β-olide) (1) along with ursolic acid lactone acetate (2), ursolic acid lactone (3), betulinic acid (4), and β-sitosterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5). The structures were assigned on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR studies. Compounds 1-3 were tested for spasmolytic activity and were found to possess calcium antagonist activity.
Eucalyptus, terpenoids, spasmolytic activity
NCBI PubMed ID: 11000033Twenty compounds including a dioxoaporphine, annobraine (1); two oxoaporphines, liriodenine (2) and lysicamine (3); five aporphines, (-)-nornuciferine (4), (-)-anonaine (5), (-)-N-formylanonaine (6), (-)-asimilobine (7) and (+)-nordomesticine (8); one proaporphine, (+)-stepharine (9); two protoberberines, (-)-kikemanine (10) and dehydrocorydalmine (11); one azaanthraquinone, 1-aza-4-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-9,10-anthracenedione (12); two amides, N-trans-feruloyltyramine (13) and N-p-coumaroyltyramine (14); one ionone, blumenol A (15); and five steroids, β-sitosterol (16), stigmasterol (17), β-sitosteryl-D-glucoside (18), stigmasteryl-D-glucoside (19) and 6-O-palmitoyl-β-sitosteryl-D-glucoside (20), were isolated from the fruits and stems of Annona glabra. Among them, 1 is a novel dioxoaporphine alkaloid and 12 was obtained for the first time from natural sources. These compounds were characterized and identified by physical and spectral evidence.
Annona glabra
Publication DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200000124Twenty-eight compounds including seven alkaloids, (+)-3-chloro-N-formylnornantenine (1), (+)-N-formylnornantenine (2), (+)-boldine (3), (+)-norboldine (4), (-)-norboldine (5), lycicamine (6), and tetrahydroberberine (7); four flavonoids, kaempferol (8), kaempferol-3-O-arabinoside (9), quercetin (10), and quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside (11); one butanolide, akolactone A (12); one p-quinone, 2,6-dimethoxy-p-quinone (13); one cyclohex-2-en-1-one, blumenol A (14); six benzenoids, methylparaben (15), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (16), vanillic acid (17), syringic acid (18), 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid (19), and 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) propionic acid (20); one diterpene, phytol (21); one triterpene, squalene (22); six steroids, (3-sitosterol (23), β-sitostenone (24), stigmasta-4,22-dien-3-one (25), 6β-hydroxy-β-sitostenone (26), 6β-hydroxystigmasterone (27), and β-sitosteryl-D-glucoside (28) were isolated from the aerial part of Lindera glauca. These compounds were characterized and identified by physical and spectral method. All compounds were isolated for the first time from this plant. Among them, (+)-3-chloro-N-formylnornantenine (1) is a new one.
Lindera glauca
Publication DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200000050The adaptogen concept is examined from an historical, biological, chemical, pharmacological and medical perspective using a wide variety of primary and secondary literature. The definition of an adaptogen first proposed by Soviet scientists in the late 1950s, namely that an adaptogen is any substance that exerts effects on both sick and healthy individuals by 'correcting' any dysfunction(s) without producing unwanted side effects, was used as a point of departure. We attempted to identify critically what an adaptogen supposedly does and to determine whether the word embodies in and of itself any concept(s) acceptable to western conventional (allopathic) medicine. Special attention was paid to the reported pharmacological effects of the 'adaptogen-containing plant' Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim. (Araliaceae), referred to by some as 'Siberian ginseng', and to its secondary chemical composition. We conclude that so far as specific pharmacological activities are concerned there are a number of valid arguments for equating the action of so-called adaptogens with those of medicinal agents that have activities as anti-oxidants, and/or anti-cancerogenic, immunomodulatory and hypocholesteroletic as well as hypoglycemic and choleretic action. However, 'adaptogens' and 'anti-oxidants' etc. also show significant dissimilarities and these are discussed. Significantly, the classical definition of an adaptogen has much in common with views currently being invoked to describe and explain the 'placebo effect'. Nevertheless, the chemistry of the secondary compounds of Eleutherococcus isolated thus far and their pharmacological effects support our hypothesis that the reported beneficial effects of adaptogens derive from their capacity to exert protective and/or inhibitory action against free radicals. An inventory of the secondary substances contained in Eleutherococcus discloses a potential for a wide range of activities reported from work on cultured cell lines, small laboratory animals and human subjects. Much of the cited work (although not all) has been published in peer-reviewed journals. Six compounds show various levels of activity as anti-oxidants, four show anti-cancer action, three show hypocholesterolemic activity, two show immunostimulatory effects, one has choleretic activity and one has the ability to decrease/moderate insulin levels, one has activity as a radioprotectant, one shows anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic activities and yet another has shown activity as an antibacterial agent. Some of the compounds show more than one pharmacological effect and some show similar effects although they belong to different chemical classes. Clearly, Eleutherococcus contains pharmacologically active compounds but one wishes that the term adaptogen could be dropped from the literature because it is vague and conveys no insights into the mechanism(s) of action. If a precise action can be attributed to it, then the exact term for said action should obviously be used; if not, we strongly urge that generalities be avoided. Also, comparison of Eleutherococcus with the more familiar Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (Araliaceae), 'true ginseng' has underscored that they differ considerably chemically and pharmacologically and cannot be justifiably considered as mutually interchangeable. Accordingly, we recommend that the designation 'Siberian ginseng' be dropped and be replaced with 'Eleutherococcus'. In the case of both Eleutherococcus and true ginseng, problems inherent in herbal preparation use include inconsistencies not only in terms of indications for use, but in the nomenclature of constituent chemical compounds, standardization, dosage and product labeling. Finally, our re-examination and fresh interpretation of the literature on Eleutherococcus and comparison with true ginseng shows that the potential for a scientifically more complete and defensible exploitation of these plants will be better served by investigating and considering them in a context that consciously ignores the fact that the word ‘adaptogen’ was ever invented.
saponins, Panax ginseng, lignans, adaptogen, adaptogenic activity, Eleutherococcus senticosus, anti-cancer agents, anti-oxidants, placebo effect, true ginseng, ‘Siberian ginseng’
NCBI PubMed ID: 10996277A pentacyclic triterpenoid, ursolic acid (1), two iridoid glucosides, verbenalin (2) and hastatoside (3), and a phenylpropanoid glycoside, verbascoside (4), were isolated from Verbena officinalis Linn. (Verbenaceae), a plant listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and the British Herbal Pharmacopoeia. A procedure for the optimised extraction of these constituents for quantitative estimations has been established. An HPTLC method was employed for the determination of 1 using Liebermann Burchard reagent. A reversed-phase HPLC system with photodiode array detector was used to resolve compounds 2, 3 and 4 in the methanol extracts of different parts of the plant. Tender parts of the plant were rich in all of these constituents (0.24–0.34%, w/w) while the roots, which are not official in the Pharmacopoeias, contained a maximum amount (0.32%, w/w) of the bioactive verbascoside (4). The assay methods described are simple, rapid and accurate, and may form part of future drug authentication protocols.
anti-inflammatory, ursolic acid, Verbenaceae, verbascoside, high pressure liquid chromatography, Verbena officinalis, verbenalin, high performance thin layer chromatography, hastatoside
Publication DOI: 10.1002/1099-1565(200011/12)11:6<351::AID-PCA544>3.0.CO;2-Sn an attempt to locate the biologically active fraction(s) of the plant Verbena officinalis Linn. (Verbenaceae), a preliminary screening of successive petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol extracts of aerial parts for antiinflammatory activity using carrageenan paw oedema model was carried out. All three extracts were found to exhibit antiinflammatory activity with the chloroform extract being the most active. Chemical investigations of petroleum ether and chloroform extracts led to the isolation of β-sitosterol, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, 3-epiursolic acid, 3-epioleanolic acid, and minor triterpenoids of derivatives of ursolic acid and oleanolic acids. Chromatographic purification of the methanol extract yielded two iridoid glucosides, verbenalin and hastatoside, a phenylpropanoid glycoside, verbascoside and β-sitosterol-D-glucoside.
β-sitosterol, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, Verbenaceae, verbascoside, Verbena officinalis, verbenalin, hastatoside, antiinflammatory, oedema inhibition, 3-epiursolic acid, 3-epioleanolic acid, β-sitosterol-D-glucoside
NCBI PubMed ID: 10960904A mixture of the title compound-(6′) stearate, margarate, palmitate, linolate, and linolenate (2a-e) was isolated from shredded dried leaves and twigs of Flacourtia indica. The margarate was observed for the first time. 0.5% solutions of the triacetate mixture (1a-e) in methanol or ethanol give “solid" gels stable for months. From these the unchanged triacetates 1a-e can be recovered indicating that this low-molecular material is responsible for the formation of the gel.
Flacourtia indica, gel formation
Publication DOI: 10.1515/znb-2000-3-416Macfadyena unguis-cati (L.) has been widely used in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory, antimalarial and antivenereal. The purpose of this study was to chemically characterize the main plant components, and to evaluate the biological properties of some of the fractions derived from leaves (MACb) and liana (MACa) of this plant. Chemical characterization allowed the identification of the compounds corymboside, vicenin-2, quercitrin, chlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid, lupeol, β-sitosterol, β-sitosterylglucoside, allantoin and lapachol. The biological screening of fractions and/or purified substances derived from fractions revealed antitumoral and antitrypanosomal activities in fractions MACa/lapachol and MACb/MACb21, respectively. The anti-lipoxygenase and anti-cyclooxygenase effect seen in fractions MACa and MACb showed a partial correlation with the anti-inflammatory property attributed to this plant.
anti-inflammatory activity, Macfadyena unguis-cati, corymboside, antitrypanosomal activiity
NCBI PubMed ID: 10757425Two soyasaponins were isolated from the aerial parts of Astragalus tribuloides Del. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical methods. In addition, ursolic acid, β-sitosterol β-D-glucoside and isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside were isolated and identified by comparing their mp, spectral and chromatographic data with those of authentic samples. This is the first report of screening and isolation of the chemical constituents of this species of genus Astragalus.
Leguminosae, soyasapogenol B, aerial parts, Astragalus tribuloides, azukisaponins II, V
Journal NLM ID: 9714997The aerial parts from Blutaparon portulacoides yielded a flavonol whose structure was established as 3,5,3'-trihydroxy-4'-methoxy-6,7-methylenedioxyflavone. In addition, the aerial parts yielded the isoflavone irisone B and the steroids stigmasterol, sitosterol and campesterol. The roots of B. portucaloides furnished sitosteryl, stigmast-7-enyl and spinasteryl β-D-glucopyranosides as well as vanillic acid.
Amaranthaceae, Blutaparon portulacoides, capotiragua, methylenedioxyflavonol
NCBI PubMed ID: 10656422The aerial parts of Pergularia tomentosa L. afforded three cardenolides, desglucouzarin, coroglaucigenin and uzarigenin, in addition to β-sitosterol glucoside. The isolated compounds were identified by physical and spectral means, including IR, UV, [α]D, 1D-, 2D-NMR and FAB-MS experiments. The cardenolides, ghalakinoside, calactin and pergularoside previously reported from roots, were also identified in the aerial parts.
NMR, FAB-MS, cardenolides, desglucouzarin, uzarigenin, Pergularia tomentosa, Asclepiadacae, coroglaucigenin, calactin, ghalakinoside, pergularoside, β-sitosterol glucoside
Journal NLM ID: 9714997MeOH extract of Cuscuta chinensis seeds was fractionated with n-hexane, EtOAc and BuOH successively, and antioxidant activities were tested for all fractions using DPPH free radical scavenging method. In the tested fractions, EtOAc fraction showed high antioxidant activity (EC50, 50 μg) From the EtOAc fraction, five compounds have been isolated. On the basis of spectral data, these compounds were identified as β-sitosterol, methyl 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxycinnamate, β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, caffeic acid, quercetin, kaempferol and calycopteretin. Among these compounds, β-sitosterol and β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside showed no antioxidant activity. EC50 values of methyl 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxycinnamate, caffeic acid, quercetin, kaempferol and calycopteretin were 0.6, 8, 19, 17 and 12 μg, respectively.
Antioxidants, flavonoids, Convolvulaceae, Cuscuta chinensis, sitosterols, phenyl propanoids, methyl 4-hydroxy-3, 5-dimethoxycinnamate, calycopteretin, DPPH free radical scavenging method
Journal NLM ID: 9714997Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by a high blood glucose concentration (hyperglycemia) which is due to insulin deficiency and/or insulin resistance. Hyperglycemia occurs because the liver and skeletal muscle cannot store glycogen and the tissues are unable to take up and utilize glucose. Treatment of diabetes is afforded by the following: (i) diet and exercise, (ii) insulin replacement therapy and (iii) the use of oral hypoglycemic agents. In folklore, a variety of plant extracts have been used to treat diabetic patients for centuries. Folklore has given the field of medicine many useful drugs, such pharmacologic prototypes include Digitalis(digitoxin, digoxin), Atropa, Hyoscyamnsand Datura(atropine, scopolamine), Catharanthus(vincristine, vinblastine), Erythroxylon(cocaine), Claviceps(ergonovine, ergotamine), Papaver(morphine, codeine and papaverine), Pilocarpus(pilocarpine) Rauvolfia(reserpine, rescinnamine, deserpidine), and Cinchona(quinine, quinidine); and many others. Obviously evaluation of plants and their active constituents has proven a very useful way of obtaining several useful therapeutic agents. Hence, a logical review of plant constituents having hypoglycemic activity could provide useful clues for obtaining new hypoglycemic agents. Plant constituents reportedly possessing hypoglycemic activity can be classified as follows: 1. Alkaloids; 2. Flavonoids and related compounds; 3. Glycosides/Steroids/Terpenoids; 4. Polysaccharides/ Proteins; and 5. Miscellaneous compounds. Phytoconstituents based upon the above classification are discussed including selected names of plants which are listed alphabetically according to genus. Appropriate data on their pharmacological activity, mechanisms of action (where applicable), and other relevant properties are discussed.
diabetes mellitus, hypoglycemic activity, natural drugs
Publication DOI: 10.1016/S1572-5995(00)80012-5Phytochemical and pharmacological studies of Croton cajucara were oriented by traditional medicine. The stem bark of the mature plant is a rich source of clerodane-type diterpenes: trans-dehydrocrotonin (DCTN), trans-crotonin (CTN), cis-cajucarin B, cajucarin A, cajucarinolide and two novel clerodanes, trans-cajucarin B and sacacarin. In young (18-month-old) plants, the triterpene acetyl aleuritolic acid (AAA) was the major stem bark component and in these the diterpene DCTN was not present. The highest concentration of DCTN (1.4% of dry bark) was detected in 4–6 year-old plants, while 3-year-old plants contained only 0.26% of this diterpene. Three steroids (β-sitosterol, stigmasterol and sitosterol-3-O-β-glucoside), two flavonoids (kaempferol 3,4′,7-trimethyl ether and 3,7-dimethyl ether) and one diterpene (cajucarinolide) were isolated from the leaves of this Croton. The main pharmacological activity was correlated with DCTN. This clerodane produced anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects and a significant hypoglycemia in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The compound also reduced the index of gastric lesions induced by restraint-in-cold. Dose-related DCTN and CTN inhibited in vivo the basal acid secretion in pylorus-ligature rats and oxyntic glands isolated from rabbit gastric mucosa, DCTN, CTN or AAA decreased in vitro uptake basal acid secretion induced by histamine and measured with the 14C-aminopyrine uptake method. Uniquely DCTN inhibited 14C-AP uptake induced by bethanechol. The terpenoids, DCTN and AAA, and the chloroform extract of 6-month-old plants reduced gastrointestinal transit in mice. The effects of DCTN and CTN on the survival of mice bearing Sarcoma 180 and Ehrlich carcinoma ascitic tumors, on the proliferation of cultured cells and TNFα were determined. DCTN was also evaluated for a possible antioestrogenic activity using the immature rat as a model system for bioassay of oestrogen and for an anti-implantation effect in regularly cycling rats. The biological experiments, using the plant extracts and the terpenoids DCTN, CTN and AAA, are herein discussed.
Croton cajucara; clerodane; trans-dehydrocrotonin; trans-crotonin; acetyl aleuritolic acid; pharmacological properties
NCBI PubMed ID: 10720788Constituents of the fruit of Amomum tsao-ko were investigated following a preliminary screening of the antioxidant activity of several extracts of the fruit of this plant that showed that the dichloromethane extract and the ethyl acetatesoluble and water-soluble fractions of the 70% aqueous acetone extract had higher activity than α-tocopherol and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Eleven compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction, and their structures were elucidated as (+)-hannokinol (1), meso-hannokinol (2), (+)-epicatechin (3), (−)-catechin (4), β-sitosterol (5), β-sitosterol 3-O-glucoside (6), 2,6-dimethoxyphenol (7), protocatechualdehyde (8), protocatechuic acid (9), vanillic acid (10), and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (11) based on mass and various nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic techniques. This is the first isolation of epicatechin and catechin from the genus Amomum. The radical scavenging activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and colorimetric and electron spin resonance (ESR) analyses. The antioxidant activity of the compounds was also determined based on the oxidative stability index (OSI). The catechins and catechol derivatives showed strong activities in both the DPPH radical scavenging activity and antioxidant activity assays.
Antioxidant, radical scavenging, DPPH, catechin, epicatechin, ESR, Amomum tsao-ko, BHT, oxidative stability index (OSI), α-tocopherol
Publication DOI: 10.1007/s11746-000-0107-4Two new isoflavones, pentandrin (1) and pentandrin glucoside (2), were isolated from the stem barks of Ceiba pentandra along with β-sitosterol and its 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, which was isolated for the first time from this plant. The structures of these compounds were elucidated with the help of spectroscopic techniques, while the structure of 1 was unambiguously confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies.
isoflavones; Ceiba pentandra; pentandrin; pentandrin glucoside; X-ray diffraction
NCBI PubMed ID: 10846755A sterol mixture, 3-O-glucosides of these sterols, 6'-O-fattyacyl ester of these sterol glucosides, kaempferol, quercetin and isoquercitrin were isolated from the whole plants of Hypericum ascyron L. The sterols were found to be a mixture of β-sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol by GC-MS. The kinds of fatty acids linked at 6'-OH of sterol glucoside ester mixture were shown to be palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid by GC- MS. Three flavonoids were identified by spectroscopic methods and comparisons of mixed mp and co-TLC with authentic specimens.
Hypericum ascyron L.; Hypericaceae; flavonoid; steroid
Journal NLM ID: 9713418Two novel diglycosylated steroidal alkaloids of 5-pregnene nucleus, named obtusine-20(R)-O-[β-thevetopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-cymaropyranoside] and obtusolactam-20(R)-O-[β-thevetopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-cymaropyranoside], together with the known β-sitosteryl-3-O-β-glucopyranoside were isolated from the roots of Cryptolepis obtusa N. E. Br.
saponins, Cryptolepis obtusa, Periplocaceae or Asclepiadaceae, 5Δ-pregnene steroidal alkaloids
NCBI PubMed ID: 10703068Two new alkaloids have been isolated from the leaves of Aberia caffra, and characterised as aberiamine N1 pentyl-10-(1,3-dimethylhexahydro-2-pyrimidinyl)-1-dacanamine and aberiamide N-1[{E)-1-butenyl 17-dimethylcarboxamidoheptadecyl)amino}methyl]-N-1-methylacetamide. In addition to α- ,β-amyrin, β-sitosterol and its glucoside, three flavonoids, have also been isolated. Identification of these compounds has been done by spectral analysis and comparison with authentic samples.
alkaloids, β-sitosterol, flavonoids, Aberia caffra
Journal NLM ID: 7613422Four new compounds, the limonoid 24-epi-melianodiol (8), the tirucallane aglaiodiol (9), and the two cyclopentatetrahydrobenzopyran derivatives pyramidaglain A (11) and B (12) were isolated from the leaves of Aglaia andamanica Hiern (Meliaceae), together with the eleven known constituents β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol glucoside, cycloart-23E-ene-3β,25-diol (1), three flavonoids 5-hydroxy-3,4′,7-trimethoxyflavone (2), retusin (3) and pachypodol (4), the tirucallane 24-epi-piscidinol A (5), the lignan yangambin (6), the limonoid melianodiol (7), the bisamide pyramidatine (10) and the amino acid N-methyl-trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline (13). All structures were established by means of detailed spectroscopic analysis.
Meliaceae, Aglaia andamanica, 24-epi-melianodiol, aglaiodiol, pyramidaglain A and B
NCBI PubMed ID: 11199132The free radical scavenging abilities of the structurally related steroids β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol glucoside (plant sterols and sterolins), cholesterol, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) were compared with melatonin (an efficient free radical scavenger) in an in vitro system which measures lipid peroxidation of platelet membranes in the presence of iron (Fe2+). Lipid peroxidation is a process whereby cellular membranes are damaged due to the oxidative deterioration of polyunsaturated lipids, which may lead to cell death and disease in living organisms. Substances such as vitamin E protect cellular membranes against oxidative damage due to their chemical structures. The steroids cholesterol, β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol glucoside and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) are structurally related to each other. During aging, serum concentrations of DHEA, DHEAS and melatonin decrease, while the concentration of cholesterol tends to increase. The aim of the present study was to compare the role these substances play in lipid peroxidation over a wide concentration range. At concentrations lower than the free iron in the reaction mixture, all the steroids investigated decreased lipid peroxidation. At higher concentrations, cholesterol and β-sitosterol increased lipid peroxidation, while DHEAS and melatonin continued to decrease lipid peroxidation.
cholesterol, lipid peroxidation, melatonin, DHEAS, plant sterols, aging
NCBI PubMed ID: 11383550The phytochemical investigation of a methanolic leaf extract of Aglaia rubiginosa furnished 15 isoprenoid constituents, eight of which represented new natural entities. Two androstane derivatives (1 and 2), previously synthesized, and also obtained by microbiological transformations; an extraordinary 17-octanor-cycloartane-ring-A-seco acid (3); four cycloartane-type triterpenes (4−7); and three unusual cholesterol derivatives (8−10) were isolated, along with two known dammaranes (11 and 12), a stigmastandiol (13), and β-sitosterol and its β-d-glucoside. Spectroscopic structure elucidation of the new natural products (1−3, 6, 7, 8−10) is described.
triterpenoids, Aglaia rubiginosa
NCBI PubMed ID: 10843575The anti-inflammatory activity of euphol, twelve other triterpene alcohols and sitosterol-β-D-glucopyranoside, isolated from the dichloromethane extract of the roots of Euphorbia kansui, has been evaluated in mice with inflammation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA). TPA (1.7 nmol; 1.0 μg/ear) was dissolved in acetone and 10 μL delivered to the inner and outer surfaces of the right ear of ICR mice. A triterpene alcohol, sterol glucoside or vehicle (20 μL; chloroform—methanol 1: 1), was applied topically approximately 30 min before each TPA treatment. The ear thickness was measured before treatment and then oedema was measured 6 h after TPA treatment. For the two-stage carcinogenesis experiment, initiation was accomplished by administration of a single topical application of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA; 195 nmol; 50 μg/mouse) to the shaved backs of mice. Promotion was with 1.7 nmol (1.0 μg) TPA, applied twice weekly to the same shaved area, begun one week after the initiation. Euphol (2.0 μmol; 853 μg), or its vehicle (acetone-dimethylsulphoxide, 9:1; 100 μL), was applied topically 30 min before each TPA treatment. The number and diameter of skin tumours were measured every other week for 20 weeks. All the compounds were found to possess marked inhibitory activity and their 50% inhibitory dose for TPA-induced inflammation was 0.2–1.0 mg/ear. Topical application of euphol (2.0 μmol; 853 μg/mouse) markedly suppressed the tumour-promoting effect of TPA (1.7 nmol; 1.0 μg/mouse) in mouse skin initiated with DMBA.
antitumour activity, carcinogenesis, Euphorbia kansui, euphol, triterpene alcohols
NCBI PubMed ID: 10716613A novel oleane acid was isolated from the leaves and the fruits of Vochysia ferruginea. The structure of the new triterpenoid was elucidated by NMR spectroscopy as 2α,3β,6β-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (6β-hydroxymaslinic acid, 1). In addition, β-sitosterol-glucoside and three mixtures containing known triterpenoids, uvaol and erythrodiol, ursolic and oleanolic acids, 2α,3β-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid and its respective oleanolic isomer (maslinic or crategolic acid), were isolated from the leaves and the fruits of Vochysia ferruginea. In the fruits, bellericagenin A and its (28→1) β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (bellericaside A) were present in high amount.
pentacyclic triterpenes, Vochysia ferruginea, Vochysiaceae, 6β-hydroxymaslinic acid
Publication DOI: 10.1590/S0103-50532000000300007| New query | Export IDs | Home | Help |
Execution: 1 sec