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Structure type: polymer chemical repeating unit
Trivial name: type K57 CPS
Compound class: CPS, O-polysaccharide, O-antigen
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_130648,IEDB_137473,IEDB_1391961,IEDB_141582,IEDB_141584,IEDB_142488,IEDB_144998,IEDB_146664,IEDB_885822,IEDB_983931,SB_192

• Article ID: 691
  Haseley SR, Holst O, Brade H "Structural studies of the O-antigen isolated from the phenol- soluble lipopolysaccharide of Acinetobacter baumannii (DNA group 2) strain 9" - European Journal of Biochemistry 251(1-2) (1998) 189-194
  

  A polysaccharide containing D-GalNAc, D-Glc and 4-acetamido-4,6-dideoxy-D-glucose (Qui4NAc) was isolated from the phenol-soluble lipopolysaccharide originating from Acinetobacter baumannii strain 9. The structure of the repeating unit was shown by means of monosaccharide analyses, Smith-degradation, partial acid hydrolysis, mass spectrometry, and NMR spectroscopy to be a branched pentasaccharide, in which the tetrasaccharide backbone is built from amino sugars only.[formula: see text].The polysaccharide was identified by serological and western blot analyses as the O-antigen of the lipopolysaccharide.

  Lipopolysaccharide, LPS, DNA, strain, structural, O-antigen, O antigen, group, Acinetobacter, Acinetobacter baumannii, structural studies, phenol soluble, Phenol, soluble

  NCBI PubMed ID: 9492283
  Journal NLM ID: 0107600
  Publisher: Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science Ltd. on behalf of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies
  Correspondence: O.Holst@fz-borstel.de
  Institutions: Division of Medical and Biochemical Microbiology, Research Centre Borstel, Centre for Medicine and Biosciences, Germany.
  Methods: methylation, NMR-2D, partial acid hydrolysis, NMR, Smith degradation
  
   
  
  Acinetobacter baumannii 9
  CSDB ID 494 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 4329
  Knirel YA "Structure of O-antigens" - Book: Bacterial lipopolysaccharides: Structure, chemical synthesis, biogenesis and interaction with host cells (2011) Chapter 3, 41-115
  

  The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Its lipid A moiety is embedded in the membrane and serves as an anchor for the rest of the LPS molecule. The outermost repetitive glycan region of the LPS is linked to the lipid A through a core oligosaccharide (OS), and is designated as the O-specific polysaccharide (O-polysaccharide, OPS) or O-antigen. The O-antigen is the most variable portion of the LPS and provides serological specificity, which is used for bacterial serotyping. The OPS also provides protection to the microorganisms from host defenses such as complement mediated killing and phagocytosis, and is involved in interactions of bacteria with plants and bacteriophages. Studies of the OPSs ranging from the elucidation of their chemical structures and conformations to their biological and physico-chemical properties help improving classification schemes of Gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, these studies contributed to a better understanding of the mechanisms of pathogenesis of infectious diseases, as well as provided information to develop novel vaccines and diagnostic reagents.

  Lipopolysaccharide, synthesis, lipopolysaccharides, structure, Bacterial, host, O-antigen, O antigen, cell, O antigens, O-antigens, chemical, interaction, cells, PDF, chemical synthesis, biogenesis

  Publication DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-0733-1_3
  Publisher: Springer
  Correspondence: knirel@ioc.ac.ru
  Editors: Knirel YA, Valvano MA
  Institutions: Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
  
   
  
  Acinetobacter baumannii 9
  CSDB ID 27754 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 4819
  Giguere D "Surface polysaccharides from Acinetobacter baumannii: Structures and syntheses" - Carbohydrate Research 418 (2015) 29-43
  

  The emergence of multidrug-resistance Acinetobacter baumannii requires novel approaches for prevention, treatment and diagnosis. The structures of surface polysaccharides from A. baumannii are valuable tools to understand pathogenesis, virulence and immunogenicity. The synthesis of bacterial mono- or polysaccharides may result in novel probes to become important therapeutic options in the fight against A. baumannii. This report exemplifies the relevance of glycochemistry for the development of new antibiotics.

  lipopolysaccharides, capsular polysaccharides, Acinetobacter, Acinetobacter baumannii, polysaccharide synthesis, surface polysaccharides

  NCBI PubMed ID: 26531136
  Publication DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.10.001
  Journal NLM ID: 0043535
  Publisher: Elsevier
  Correspondence: denis.giguere@chm.ulaval.ca
  Institutions: Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
  
   
  
  Acinetobacter baumannii 9
  CSDB ID 30935 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 5167
  Kenyon JJ, Kasimova AA, Shashkov AS, Hall RM, Knirel YA "Acinetobacter baumannii isolate BAL_212 from Vietnam produces the K57 capsular polysaccharide containing a rarely occurring amino sugar N-acetylviosamine" - Microbiology 164(2) (2018) 217-220
  

  The structures of capsular polysaccharides (CPSs) produced by different Acinetobacter baumannii strains have proven to be invaluable in confirming the role of specific genes in the synthesis of rare sugars through the correlation of genetic content at the CPS biosynthesis locus with sugars found in corresponding CPS structures. A module of four genes (rmlA, rmlB, vioA and vioB) was identified in the KL57 capsule biosynthesis gene cluster of A. baumannii isolate BAL_212 from Vietnam. These genes were predicted to direct the synthesis of 4-acetamido-4,6-dideoxy-d-glucose (N-acetylviosamine, d-Qui4NAc) and the K57 CPS was found to contain this monosaccharide. The K57 structure was determined and, in addition to d-Qui4NAc, included three N-acetylgalactosamine residues in the main chain, with a single glucose side branch. The KL57 gene cluster has not been found in any other A. baumannii genomes, but the rmlA-rmlB-vioA-vioB module is present in the KL119 gene cluster that would likely produce a d-Qui4NAc-containing CPS.

  Acinetobacter baumannii, capsule, amino, K locus, K57, N-acetylviosamine

  NCBI PubMed ID: 29300154
  Publication DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000598
  Journal NLM ID: 0376646
  Publisher: Washington, DC: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers
  Correspondence: Anastasiya A. Kasimova
  Institutions: N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, Higher Chemical College of the Russian Academy of Sciences, D. I. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
  Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, NMR-2D, sugar analysis, acid hydrolysis, GLC, GPC, function analysis of gene clusters
  
   
  
  Acinetobacter baumannii BAL_212
  CSDB ID 12920 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 5791
  Knirel YA, Van Calsteren M "Bacterial exopolysaccharides" - Book: Comprehensive Glycoscience: From Chemistry to Systems Biology. Reference Module in Chemistry, Molecular Sciences and Chemical Engineering (2021) 1-75
  

  Bacterial extracellular polysaccharides are known as a cell-bound capsule, a sheath, or a slime, which is excreted into the environment. They play an important role in virulence of medical bacteria and plant-to-symbiont interaction and are used for serotyping of bacteria and production of vaccines. Some exopolysaccharides have commercial applications in industry, and claims of health benefits have been documented for an increasing number of them. Exopolysaccharides have diverse composition and structure, and some contain sugar and non-sugar components that are found in bacterial carbohydrates only. The present article provides an updated collection of the data on exopolysaccharides of various classes of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria reported until the end of 2019. When known, biosynthesis pathways of exopolysaccharides are treated in a summary manner. References are made to structure and biosynthesis relatedness between exopolysaccharides of different bacterial taxa as well as between bacterial polysaccharides and mammalian glycosaminoglycans.

  polysaccharide structure, Gram-negative bacteria, capsule, Biofilm, polysaccharide biosynthesis, gram-positive bacteria, Monosaccharide composition, Bacterial exopolysaccharide, non-sugar component

  Publication DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-819475-1.00005-5
  Publisher: Elsevier
  Correspondence: marie-rose.vancalsteren@canada.ca; yknirel@gmail.com
  Editors: Barchi J, Kamerling H
  Institutions: N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Saint-Hyacinthe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
  
   
  
  Acinetobacter baumannii K57 (9), Acinetobacter baumannii K57 BAL212
  CSDB ID 6742 (all data & tools)