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Structure type: oligomer
Trivial name: glucoluteolin, luteolin 7-O-rutinoside scolymoside, eriocitrin, luteolin 7-rutinoside, scolymoside
Compound class: saponin glycoside, glycoside, flavonoid glycoside, flavonol glycoside
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_136105,IEDB_142488,IEDB_144144,IEDB_146664,IEDB_225177,IEDB_613439,IEDB_885823,IEDB_983931,SB_192

• Article ID: 9779
  Hirai Y, Sanada S, Ida Y, Shoji J "Studies on the constituents of Palmae plants. I. The constituents of Trachycarpus fortunei (Hook.) H. Wendl. (1)" - Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 32(1) (1984) 295-301
  

  The constituents of the leaves, stems and underground parts of Trachycarpus fortunei (HOOK.) H. WENDL. (Palmae) have been investigated. Glucoluteolin (3), luteolin 7-O-rutinoside (=scolymoside, 4) and methyl proto-Pb (6) from the leaves, dioscin (1), Pb (2), methyl protodioscin (5) and methyl proto-Pb (6) from the stems, and dioscin (1) and methyl proto-Pb (6) from the underground parts were isolated and identified. This is the first report of the isolation of steroidal saponins from Palmae plants and these results are interesting from the standpoint of chemotaxonomy.

  diosgenin, furostanol oligoside, steroidal saponin, Trachycarpus fortunei, Palmae, proto-diosgenin, flavone glycoside, luteolin, glucoluteolin, scolymoside

  Journal NLM ID: 0377775
  WWW link: http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/110003624618
  Publisher: Pharmaceutical Society Of Japan
  Institutions: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
  Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, IR, TLC, acid hydrolysis, GLC, enzymatic digestion, melting point determination, acetylation analysis
  
   
  
  Trachycarpus fortunei
  CSDB ID 119175 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 10040
  Hirai Y, Sanada S, Ida Y, Shoji J "Studies on the constituents of Palmae plants. III. The constituents of Chamaerops humilis L. and Trachycarpus wagnerianus Becc." - Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 34 (1986) 82-87
  

  The constituents of the leaves, stems and underground parts of Chamaerops humilis L. and Trachycarpus wagnerianus BECC. (Palmae) have been investigated. We isolated and identified methyl proto-dioscin and methyl proto-Pb from the stems, dioscin, Pb, methyl proto-dioscin, methyl proto-Pb and methyl proto-rhapissaponin from the underground parts, and tricin 7-O-rutinoside and methyl proto-Pb from the leaves of C. humilis L. On the other hand, we isolated and identified methyl proto-dioscin and pseudoproto-dioscin from the stems, Pb, Tg, methyl proto-Pb and pseudoproto-Pb from the underground parts, and glucoluteolin, scolymoside, methyl proto-Pb and pseudoproto-Pb from the leaves of T. wagnerianus BECC. This is the first report of the isolation of tricin 7-O-β-rutinoside, Tg and pseudodiosgenin oligosides from Palmae plants, and also the first discovery of pseudosteroidal saponin from natural sources.

  diosgenin, Palmae, flavone glycoside, luteolin, Chamaerops humilis, Trachycarpus wagnerianus, sterodial saponin, pseudoproto-diosgenin, pennogenin, tricin

  Journal NLM ID: 0377775
  WWW link: http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/110003625978
  Publisher: Pharmaceutical Society Of Japan
  Institutions: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University, Japan
  Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, gel filtration, IR, TLC, acid hydrolysis, GLC, optical rotation measurement, melting point determination
  
   
  
  Trachycarpus wagnerianus
  CSDB ID 269360 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 10786
  Ooghe WC, Ooghe SJ, Detavernier CM, Huyghebaert A "Characterization of orange juice (Citrus sinensis) by flavanone glycosides" - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 42 (1994) 2183-2190
  

  A fast and simple method has been developed to detect orange juice (Citrus sinensis) falsifications on the basis of the flavanone glycoside pattern. After a short sample preparation procedure, gradient HPLC is used, followed by photodiode array detection. Separation is done by means of a 15 cm Waters Novapak RP 18 column and a mobile phase gradient, partly replacing an aqueous phosphate buffer solution by acetonitrile. Peak identification is based on relative retention times as well as on W-vis spectra. On the basis of a minimum hesperididnarirutin ratio of 3, some doubtful technological processes, as further extraction of oranges, may be traced out, as well as the addition of Citrus reticulata and some orange hybrids. Also, the addition to Citrus sinensis of small amounts of Citrus paradisi, Citrus aurantium, andlor Citrus bergamia may be detected by the presence of naringin or some other flavonoids not present in Citrus sinensis.

  adulteration, orange juice, flavanone glycosides

  Publication DOI: 10.1021/jf00046a020
  Journal NLM ID: 0374755
  Publisher: American Chemical Society
  Institutions: University of Gent, Gent, Belgium
  Methods: HPLC
  
   
  
  Citrus nobilis, Citrus limon, Citrus aurantium, Citrus bergamia
  CSDB ID 131341 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 11779
  Shalaby NMM, Maghraby AS, El-Hagrassy AM "Effect of Daucus carota var. boissieri extracts on immune response of Schistosoma mansoni infected mice" - Folia Microbiologica 44(4) (1999) 441-448
  

  Isolation and structure elucidation was carried out of flavonoid constituents found in fractionated extracts of the seeds and green leaves of Daucus carota L. var. boissieri (Apiaceae). The flavonoids are mainly apigenin, luteolin, their glycosidic precursors and 2,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde. Fatty acids, hydrocarbons and sterols were identified by GLC. The effect of various carrot extracts on the immune responses of Schistosoma mansoni infected mice was studied. The rate of reduction in worm infestation in mice injected with some fractions indicated a strong protection. Some extracts induced humoral immune response through raising the IgG level at 2, 4 and 6 weeks post-infection as compared with infected control. The phenotypic analysis of the cellular immune response in spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes was accomplished by direct immunofluorescence. The data showed that some extracts stimulated the blastogenesis of CD4+-T splenocytes and mesenteric lymph node cells.

  flavonol glycoside, luteolin, apigenin, mesenteric lymph node, praziquantel, worm burden

  NCBI PubMed ID: 10983240
  Publication DOI: 10.1007/bf02903720
  Journal NLM ID: 0376757
  Publisher: New York: Springer
  Institutions: Laboratory of Natural Products, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt, Laboratory of Therapeutical Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
  Methods: 1H NMR, GLC, UV, PC
  
   
  
  Daucus carota var. boissieri
  CSDB ID 62900 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 11799
  Felser C, Schimmer O "Flavonoid glycosides from Alchemilla speciosa" - Planta Medica 65(7) (1999) 668-670
  

  The new flavonol glycosides quercetin 3-O-β-(2-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-glucopyranoside uronic acid and kaempferol 3-O-β-(2-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-glucopyranoside uronic acid were isolated from the leaves of Alchemilla speciosa Buser together with 13 known flavonol and flavone glycosides and (+)-catechin. The structures were determined by spectroscopic methods.

  flavonol glycosides, Alchemilla speciosa, spectroscopic methods

  NCBI PubMed ID: 17260291
  Publication DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-960845
  Journal NLM ID: 0066751
  Publisher: George Thieme
  Institutions: Institut für Botanik und Pharmazeutische Biologie, Lehrstuhl Pharmazeutische Biologie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
  Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, methylation, TLC, HPLC, UV, acetylation, HCl hydrolysis
  
   
  
  Alchemilla speciosa
  CSDB ID 63017 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 12283
  Kim NM, Kim J, Chung HY, Choi JS "Isolation of luteolin 7-O-rutinoside and esculetin with potential antioxidant activity from the aerial parts of Artemisia montana" - Archives of Pharmacal Research 23(3) (2000) 237-239
  

  The antioxidant activity of Artemisia montana was determined by measuring the radical scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and inhibitory activity against free radical generation of hepatocytes (AC2F). The methanol extract of A. montana showed strong radical scavenging activity at a concentration of 10.1 μg/ml, and thus fractionated by solvent extraction. Esculetin and luteolin 7-O-rutinoside (scolymoside) were isolated as the active principles from the EtOAc and Interphase fractions, respectively. The antioxidant activity of these compounds were comparable to that of L-ascorbic acid.

  Antioxidant activity, Artemisia montana, esculetin, luteolin 7-O-rutinoside

  NCBI PubMed ID: 10896054
  Publication DOI: 10.1007/BF02976451
  Journal NLM ID: 8000036
  Publisher: Pharmaceutical Society of Korea
  Correspondence: choijs@pknu.ac.kr
  Institutions: Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Pusan, South Korea, Masan College, Masan, South Korea, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Pusan, South Korea
  Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, EI-MS, extraction, CC, melting point determination, antioxidant activities, evaporation
  
   
  
  Artemisia montana
  CSDB ID 65983 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 12493
  Miyake Y, Shimoi K, Kumazawa S, Yamamoto K, Kinae N, Osawa T "Identification and antioxidant activity of flavonoid metabolites in plasma and urine of eriocitrin-treated rats" - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 48(8) (2000) 3217-3224
  

  Eriocitrin, a flavonoid glycoside present in lemon fruit, is metabolized in vivo to a series of eriodictyol, methylated eriodictyol, 3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid, and their conjugates. Plasma antioxidant activity increased following oral administration of aqueous eriocitrin solutions to rats. Eriocitrin metabolites were found in plasma and renal excreted urine through HPLC and LC-MS analyses. Eriocitrin was not detected in plasma and urine, but eriodictyol, homoeriodictyol, and hesperetin in their conjugated forms were detected in plasma of 4.0 h following administration of eriocitrin. In urine for 24 h, both nonconjugates and conjugates of these metabolites were detected. 3,4-Dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid, which is metabolized from eriodictyol by intestinal bacteria, was detected in slight amounts with each form in 4.0-h plasma and 24-h urine. Eriocitrin was suggested to be metabolized by intestinal bacteria, and then eriodictyol and 3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic of its metabolite were absorbed. Following administration of eriocitrin, plasma exhibited an elevated resistance effect to lipid peroxidation. Eriocitrin metabolites functioning as antioxidant agents are discussed.

  flavonoids; eriocitrin; antioxidant; metabolism; rats

  NCBI PubMed ID: 10956094
  Publication DOI: 10.1021/jf990994g
  Journal NLM ID: 0374755
  Publisher: American Chemical Society
  Correspondence: yoshiaki_miyake@mr.pokka.co.jp
  Institutions: Fundamental Technical Laboratory of Pokka Corporation, Ltd., Shikatsu-cho, Japan, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan, Laboratory of Food Biodynamics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
  Methods: biological assays
  
   
  
  Citrus limon
  CSDB ID 66911 (all data & tools)