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Structure type: oligomer
Trivial name: commersonine
Compound class: saponin glycoside
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_136044,IEDB_137472,IEDB_140628,IEDB_141794,IEDB_142488,IEDB_146664,IEDB_153543,IEDB_190606,IEDB_983931,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_192,SB_195,SB_7,SB_88

• Article ID: 9924
  Osman SF, Herb SF, Fitzpatrick TJ, Sinden SL "Commersonine, a new glycoalkaloid from two Solanum species" - Phytochemistry 15 (1976) 1065-1067
  

  Selected plant introduction lines of S. chacoense and S. commersonii contain two major glycoalkaloids, demissine and a new compound called commersonine. In contrast, other plant introduction lines of S. chacoense contain only solanine and chaconine as the major glycoalkaloids. The isolation and characterization of the new glycoalkaloid is described.

  glycoalkaloids, Solanaceae, Solanum chacoense, S. commersonii, demissine, commersonine

  Publication DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84406-4
  Journal NLM ID: 0151434
  Publisher: Elsevier
  Institutions: Eastern Regional Research Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, USA, Eastern Regional Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Philadelphia, PA, USA
  Methods: partial acid hydrolysis, GC-MS, TLC, acid hydrolysis, GLC, GC, MS, permethylation
  
   
  
  Solanum chacoense, Solanum commersonii
  CSDB ID 145360 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 9967
  Nishie K, Fitzpatrick TJ, Swain AP, Keyl AC "Positive inotropic action of Solanaceae glycoalkaloids" - Research Communications in Chemical Pathology and Pharmacology 15 (1976) 601-607
  

  Six glycoalkaloids and one aglycone were tested for cardiotonic activities and compared with K-strophanthoside by use of the isolated frog heart. The decreasing order of potency was as follows: K-strophanthoside greater than tomatine greater than α-chaconine=α-solanine greater than demissine=commersonine greater than β-chaconine greater than solanidine. Cardiotonic activity was directly related to the number of sugars in the molecule in which the glycoalkaloids had a common aglycone. On the other hand, glycoalkaloids with dissimilar aglycones, but with identical sugars, such as tomatine and demissine, differed significantly with respect to cardiotonic potency. Apparently, therefore, the cardiotonic activity of glycoalkaloids on the frog heart is determined by the nature of the aglycone and the number of sugars and not by the kinds of sugars or their stereochemical configuration.

  NCBI PubMed ID: 1087041
  Journal NLM ID: 0244734
  Publisher: Pjd Publications
  
   
  
  (Solanaceae)
  CSDB ID 148204 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 10003
  Johns T, Osman SF "Glycoalkaloids of Solanum series Megistacrolobum and related potato cultigens" - Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 14 (1986) 651-655
  

  Glycoalkaloids were used as evidence of the affinities of nine taxa of Solanum Series Megistacrolobum and related potato cultigens from western Bolivia. S. boliviense, S. sanctae-rosae and S. toralapanum contain the commertetraose sugar moiety and appear to represent a relatively wild group within the Series. S. megistacrolobum, S. sogarandinum and S. raphanifolium show anomolous glycoalkaloid profiles that probably reflect hybridization associated with human disturbance. Primitive forms of the S. χ ajanhuiri cultigen are indistinguishable chemicaliy from conspecific weeds that were previously classified as S. megistacrolobum. Variation in total glycoalkaloid content within Series Megistacrolobum likely reflects direct selection by humans for reduced glycoalkaloid levels during the domestication process.

  Solanaceae, potato, Solanum Series Megistacrolobum, Solanium x ajanhuiri, Bolivia, glycoalkoloids, domestication

  Publication DOI: 10.1016/0305-1978(86)90047-5
  Journal NLM ID: 0430442
  Publisher: Pergamon Press
  Institutions: Division of Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Eastern Regional Research Center, ARS, USDA, Philadelphia, PA, USA
  Methods: GC-MS, TLC
  
   
  
  Solanum megistacrolobum, Solanum ajanhuiri, Solanum boliviense, Solanum sanctae-rosae, Solanum acaule * Solanum ajanhuiri
  CSDB ID 106860 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 11027
  McCollum GD, Sinden SL "Inheritance study of tuber glycoalkaloids in a wild potato, Solanum chacoense Bitter" - American Potato Journal 56 (1979) 95-113
  
  Journal NLM ID: 100971301
  Publisher: Takoma Park, DC: The Potato Association of America
  
   
  
  Solanum chacoense
  CSDB ID 101619 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 11028
  Sinden SL, Sanford LL, Osman SF "Glycoalkaloids and resistance to the Colorado potato beetle in Solanum chacoense Bitter" - American Potato Journal 57 (1980) 331-343
  

  Resistance of 20 F2 Solarium chacoense Bitter clones to the Colorado potato beetle,Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), was measured in a field test. Levels of total glycoalkaloids (TGA) and composición of the glycoalkaloid mixtures in foliage of the clones were also determined. Clones with either commersonine or dehydrocommersonine as the major foliar glycoalkaloid were significantly more resistant (lower damage ratings, fewer larvae and adult insects) than clones with solanine and chaconine. Damage ratings were negatively correlated (r = -0.67, p = 0.01) with foliar TGA levels. The results indicate that the types of glycoalkaloids present in the foliage of S. chacoense may be as important as the level of TGA in limiting damage and numbers of insects.

  glycoalkaloids, potato, solanine, Solanum chacoense, commersonine, Colorado potato beetle, leptines, chaconine, Solanum tuberosum

  Publication DOI: 10.1007/BF02854028
  Journal NLM ID: 100971301
  Publisher: Takoma Park, DC: The Potato Association of America
  Institutions: Vegetable Laboratory, Horticultural Science Institute, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Science and Education Administration, Agricultural Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, USA, Eastern Regional Research Center, Science and Education Administration, Agricultural Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
  Methods: GLC-MS, TLC, acid hydrolysis, GLC, biological assay
  
   
  
  Solanum chacoense
  CSDB ID 101626 (all data & tools)
• Article ID: 11190
  Vázquez V, González G, Ferreira F, Moyna P, Kenne L "Glycoalkaloids of Solanum commersonii Dun ex Poir" - Euphytica; Netherlands Journal of Plant Breeding 95(2) (1997) 195-201
  

  Five glycoalkaloids were identified from the aerial parts of wild Solanum commersonii Dun. ex Poir growing in Uruguay and their structures elucidated mainly by chemical and spectroscopic methods. In addition to the already known commersonine, demissine, tomarine and dehydrocommersonine, a new glycoalkaloid, identified as Δ(5)-demissine, solanid-5-en-3-O-{β-D-Glcp-(1→2)-[β-D-Xylp-(1→3)]-β-D-Glcp-(1→4)-β-D-Galp} was found. Tomatine and dehydrocommersonine have not been reported earlier as components of this plant. The glycoalkaloid composition found in the wild plants studied differ significatively from those described earlier, and have some implications in taxonomy and its use in potato breeding.

  demissine, commersonine, Solanum, tomatine, dehydrocommersonine, dehydrodemissine

  Publication DOI: 10.1023/A:1002997616784
  Journal NLM ID: 101091496
  Publisher: M. Nijhoff [etc.]
  Institutions: Cátedra de Farmacognosia y Productos Naturales, Facultad de Quimica, General Flores 2124, CC 1157,Montevideo, Uruguay
  Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, methylation, GLC-MS, NMR-2D, FAB-MS, GC-MS, sugar analysis, TLC, mild acid hydrolysis, chemical methods, CID-MS/MS, HPLC, extraction
  
   
  
  Solanum commersonii
  CSDB ID 60661 (all data & tools)