The methanolic extract of a food garnish "Tonburi", the fruit of Japanese kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. (Chenopodiaceae), was found to inhibit the increase in serum glucose-loaded rats. Through bioassay-guided separation, momordin Ic and its 2'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside were isolated as the active principles from this medicinal foodstuff together with three new saponins named scoparianosides A, B, and C. The structures of scoparianosides A, B, and C were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence as 3β,22α-dihydroxyolean-12en-28-oic acid (22α-hydroxyoleanolic acid), 3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid, 3β-hydroxyolean -18-en-28-oic acid (morolic acid), 3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid, and 3β-hydroxyolean-13(18)-en-28-oic acid, 3-O-β-D-xylopyranoxyl(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid. Momordin Ic and its 2'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, both of which are the principal saponin constituents of this medicinal foodstuffs, were found to potently inhibit glucose and ethanol absorption in rats.
medicinal foodstuff, alcohol absorption inhibitor, glucose absorption inhibitor, scoparianoside, Kochia scoparia, Tonburi
NCBI PubMed ID: 9301029Publication DOI: 10.1248/cpb.45.1300Journal NLM ID: 0377775Publisher: Pharmaceutical Society Of Japan
Institutions: Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, IR, FAB-MS, sugar analysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, acid hydrolysis, biological assays, HPLC
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