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1. (Article ID: 3112)
 
Kojima N, Kaya S, Araki Y, Ito E
Pyruvic-acid-containing polysaccharide in the cell wall of Bacillus polymyxa AHU 1385
European Journal of Biochemistry 174 (1988) 255-260
 

Three acidic polymer fractions with molecular masses of about 16 kDa, 35 kDa and 70 kDa were isolated from lysozyme digests of N-acetylated cell walls of Bacillus polymyxa AHU 1385 by ion-exchange chromatography and gel chromatography. These fractions, containing mannosamine, glucosamine and pyruvic acid in a molar ratio of about 1:1:1 together with glycopeptide components, were characterized as polysaccharide-linked glycopeptides with one, two and more polysaccharide chains. On the other hand, treatment of the cell walls with glycine/HC1 buffer, pH 2.5, at 100 degrees C for 10 min followed by separation of water-soluble products on ion-exchange chromatography gave three polysaccharide fractions, PS-I-III, which contained different amounts of pyruvic acid (0,0.6 and 0.9 residue/mannosamine residue) along with equimolar amounts of mannosamine and glucosamine. Pyruvate-free polysaccharides similar to PS-I were also obtained from PS-II, PS-III and polysaccharide-linked glycopeptides by treatment with 10 mM HC1 at 100 degrees C for 1 h. Results of analyses of these polysaccharide preparations by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR measurement and methylation, together with data from characterization of fragments obtained by hydrogen fluoride hydrolysis, lead to the most likely structure, →3)[4,6-O-(1-carboxyethylidene)]ManNAc(β1→4)GlcNac(β1→, for the acidic polysaccharide of this strain.

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2. (Article ID: 4451)
 
Naumova IB, Shashkov AS
Anionic polymers in cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria
Biochemistry (Moscow) 62(8) (1997) 809-840
 

Information on the prevalence, compositions, and structures of anionic carbohydrate-containing polymers of cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria is summarized. The data suggest that these polymers are important for normal functioning of bacterial cells and require further studies. Structural data on teichoic acids found in the literature published over the last few years are discussed. This is a very diverse class of polymers whose structure-specific pathways of degradation were studied and NMR spectra were examined. Unique comprehensive tables of 13C-NMR spectroscopic data (mainly obtained by the authors) on these polymers are given in the Appendix. Other tables summarize data on teichuronic acids, sugar-phosphate polymers, acid polysaccharides, and structural variants of bonds between acid polysaccharides and peptidoglycans known from the literature. Functions of anionic polymers and their possible chemotaxonomic applications are discussed

13C-NMR, NMR, structure, cell wall, composition, teichoic acid, teichuronic acid, Gram-positive, gram-positive bacteria, taxonomy

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