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1. (Article ID: 3458)
 
De Castro C, Molinaro A, Lanzetta R, Silipo A, Parrilli M
Lipopolysaccharide structures from Agrobacterium and Rhizobiaceae species
Carbohydrate Research 343(12) (2008) 1924-1933
 

This review reports and discusses the structural and the biological data available for the lipopolysaccharides from the Gram-negative bacterium Agrobacterium together with those of other related Rhizobiaceae species

Lipopolysaccharide, Rhizobium, symbiosis, Agrobacterium, Tumor induction

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2. (Article ID: 3946)
 
Silipo A, Molinaro A
The Diversity of the Core Oligosaccharide in Lipopolysaccharides
Book: Endotoxins: Structure, Function and Recognition (series: Subcellular Biochemistry, Part 1) (2010) Vol. 53, Chapter 4, 69-99
 

Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are the major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. They have a structural role since they contribute to the cellular rigidity by increasing the strength of cell wall and mediating contacts with the external environment that can induce structural changes to allow life in different conditions. Furthermore, the low permeability of the outer membrane acts as a barrier to protect bacteria from host-derived antimicrobial compounds. Lipopolysaccharides are amphiphilic macromolecules generally comprising three defined regions distinguished by their genetics, structures and function: the lipid A, the core oligosaccharide and a polysaccharide portion, the O-chain. In some Gram-negative bacteria LPS can terminate with the core portion to form rough type LPS (R-LPS, LOS). The core oligosaccharide is an often branched and phosphorylated heterooligosaccharide with less than fifteen sugars, more conserved in the inner region, proximal to the lipid A, and often carrying non-stoichiometric substitutions leading to variation and micro-heterogeneity. The core oligosaccharide contributes to the bacterial viability and stability of the outer membrane, can assure the serological specificity and possesses antigenic properties.

core oligosaccharide, endotoxin, Gram-negative bacteria, innate immunity, glyco-conjugates

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